Genetically distinct lineages of Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 and ST19 are present in Brazil

Panzenhagen, Pedro; Paul, Narayan C.; Conté-Júnior, Carlos Adam; Costa, Renata Garcia; Rodrigues, Dália P.; Shah, Devendra H.

doi:10.1016/j.ijmm.2018.01.005

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 31 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Salmonella Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium are the most common serovars reported in human sources in Latin America between 2001 and 2014 ( Hendriksen et al, 2011 ; Quesada et al, 2016 ), in the United States in 2016 ( Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2018 ), in member countries of the European Union in 2017 ( European Food Safety Authority [EFSA], and European Centre for Disease Prevention, and Control [ECDC], 2018 ), and in the majority of the researches and the studies regarding Salmonella around the world ( Asif et al, 2017 ; Borges et al, 2017 ; Campioni et al, 2017 ; Muvhali et al, 2017 ; Utrarachkij et al, 2017 ; Zhang et al, 2017 ; Magdy et al, 2019 ). The high presence of these serovars among the WGS deposited from Brazil may be related to the fact that the majority of researches about Salmonella in Brazil also concerns S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium and likewise worldwide ( Campioni et al, 2017 ; Almeida et al, 2018 ; Panzenhagen et al, 2018a , b ; Ritter et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Salmonella From Brazil by in silico Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis: An Overview of the Last Four Decades

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Rodrigues et al. AMR Salmonella From Brazil frequency rates of antimicrobial resistance genes and predicted resistance phenotypes in the 2000s and the 2010s when compared with the 1980s and 1990s. The results presented herein contributed significantly to the understanding of the strategic use of WGS associated with in silico analysis and the predictions for the determination of AMR in Salmonella from Brazil.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Frequency of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Salmonella From Brazil by in silico Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis: An Overview of the Last Four Decades

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Besides the resistance profile identification, WGS allowed us to classify the monophasic variant S. Typhimurium strains into a sequence type (ST-19) frequently involved in foodborne outbreaks, including several in which pork was the likely source [23]. Moreover, ST-19 was likely to be the most frequent among Salmonella strains isolated from human infections in Brazil [35]. This constitutes an additional hazard for Salmonella control in pork, and demonstrates that resistant and pathogenic Salmonella strains may be continuously introduced in the slaughter process by pigs infected on the farm.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enumeration, Antimicrobial Resistance and Typing of Salmonella enterica: Profile of Strains Carried in the Intestinal Contents of Pigs at Slaughter in Southern Brazil

Paim

Pissetti

Vieira

et al. 2019

Acta Scientiae. Vet.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Despite a strong association between Salmonella isolation and slaughter hygiene, as measured by the Enterobacteriaceae levels on pre-chill carcass surfaces, a high variation in this association was observed between sampling days within the same slaughterhouse. It was hypothesised that in a scenario of high exposure on the farm, batches with a high prevalence of carrier pigs shedding a high number of Salmonella may enhance the risk of contamination on some slaughter days. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess the profile of Salmonella carried in the intestinal contents of slaughter pigs.Materials, Methods & Results: Ten pig batches slaughtered in a slaughterhouse were investigated for the presence of Salmonella. From each pig, the following samples were taken: i. blood collected at bleeding; ii. sponges rubbed on the carcass surface after bleeding and before chilling; iii. fragment of the ileocecal region of the intestine. Serum samples were subjected to a ELISA-Typhimurium test. Sponges were investigated for the presence of Salmonella and total aerobic mesophilic (TAM) and Enterobacteriaceae (EC) bacterial counts. Salmonella was enumerated in the intestinal contents. Selected Salmonella strains were subjected to an antimicrobial resistance disk diffusion test, macro-restriction with Xba-I (PFGE) and whole genome sequencing (WGS). From the 50 sampled pigs, 96% were positive in the ELISA-Typhimurium test and 64% were Salmonella-positive in the intestinal contents. The amount of Salmonella in the intestinal content samples was highly variable, and the mean log of fitted distributions of Salmonella in the batch ranged from -2.97 to 2.25 cfu.g-1. The slaughter process achieved a logarithmic reduction, ranging from 0.64 to 2.35 log cfu.cm-2 for TAM and from 0.55 to 2.57 log cfu.cm-2 for EC. Salmonella was isolated from 16% of the carcasses after bleeding; this frequency decreased to 8% at the pre-chill step. All positive pre-chill carcasses originated from pigs carrying Salmonella in the intestinal content and from batches with a high number of carrier pigs. Salmonella Typhimurium and its monophasic variant were the most frequent in the intestinal contents and carcasses. Resistance was detected against ampicillin (42.5%), tetracycline (42.5%), sulfonamide (40%), gentamicin (25%) and ciprofloxacin (12.5%). Regarding colistin, 85% of the tested strains were classified as non-susceptible. The monophasic variant S. Typhimurium strains subjected to PFGE and WGS presented different profiles; several antimicrobial resistance genes were identified and all belonged to ST-19.Discussion: In this study, almost all sampled pigs entering the slaughter line had been exposed to Salmonella on the farm and a high number were carrying Salmonella in their guts. While the three batches with Salmonella-positive carcasses at the pre-chill step presented TAM media that was not significantly different from the other batches, there was a higher number of positive pigs carrying Salmonella in their intestinal contents. Moreover, the batch with the highest number of positive carcasses also presented the highest Salmonella mean count in their intestinal contents. The profile of Salmonella carried in the intestinal content of slaughter pigs proved to be highly variable in terms of the frequency, number of bacteria, serovars, antimicrobial resistance, and genotypes. Results indicate that the day-to-day variability in the prevalence and number of Salmonella in the intestinal contents of slaughter batches is likely to influence the frequency of contaminated pre-chill carcasses. Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from the intestinal contents of slaughter pigs may belong to genotypes involved in human disease and may carry several antimicrobial resistance genes. These aspects should be taken into account when planning Salmonella control in swine.

show abstract

“…Numerous common gastroenteritis-causing S. Typhimurium isolates have been attributed to ST-19 [34][35][36]. ST-19 was also the most common in S. Typhimurium isolates recovered from chicken carcasses in Iran and India [37] as well as in clinical Salmonella strains in Brazil [38].…”

Section: Diversity Of Salmonella Subtypes Recovered From Environmentamentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Table Egg Layer Farming Environments in Western Australia and Insights into Biosecurity and Egg Handling Practices

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence and distribution of Salmonella in commercial layer farming environments of 26 flocks belonging to seven egg businesses (free-range and barn-laid) in Western Australia (WA). Between November 2017 and June 2018, a total of 265 environmental samples of dust, feed, water, pooled feces, and boot swabs were tested for detection of Salmonella according to standard culture-based methods. Isolates were assayed for serovar and subtyped by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Salmonella spp. were recovered from 35% (93/265) of all tested samples. Dust (53.8%, 28/52) and pooled fecal (54.5%, 18/33) samples provided the highest Salmonella recovery rates. Nine different Salmonella serovars were characterized across the positive (n = 93) environmental samples, of which S. Typhimurium (60/93, 64.5%) and S. Infantis (21/93, 22.5%) were the most prevalent. MLST revealed that all S. Typhimurium isolates were of sequence type ST-19. Microbiological screening of Salmonella was not routinely practiced in any of the surveyed egg businesses. Some of the egg businesses exhibited variable levels of compliance with basic biosecurity measures as well as high-risk egg handling practices. Egg businesses in WA should be encouraged to adopt a voluntary program of environmental sampling and verification testing for Salmonella. Such voluntary programs will aid in supporting solutions for the management of this pathogen in the human food chain.

show abstract

Genetically distinct lineages of Salmonella Typhimurium ST313 and ST19 are present in Brazil

Cited by 27 publications

References 31 publications

Frequency of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Salmonella From Brazil by in silico Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis: An Overview of the Last Four Decades

Frequency of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes in Salmonella From Brazil by in silico Whole-Genome Sequencing Analysis: An Overview of the Last Four Decades

Enumeration, Antimicrobial Resistance and Typing of Salmonella enterica: Profile of Strains Carried in the Intestinal Contents of Pigs at Slaughter in Southern Brazil

Occurrence and Characterization of Salmonella Isolated from Table Egg Layer Farming Environments in Western Australia and Insights into Biosecurity and Egg Handling Practices

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About