Pathogen- and Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns and the Cytokine Response in Sepsis

Rajaee, Arezoo; Barnett, Rebecca; Cheadle, William G.

doi:10.1089/sur.2017.264

Cited by 65 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 86 publications

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“…This clinical condition can often progress to multi‐organ failure and is still a leading cause of mortality in the intensive care medicine (ICU) . Sepsis syndrome involves multiple pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) responding to pathogen‐associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), which synergize to activate innate and adaptive immunity, resulting in a complex pathophysiology process . Additionally, recent studies have verified that damage‐associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) released from host cells in response to pathogens can trigger immune response during sepsis …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of stimulator of interferons genes signaling in sepsis: Inflammation, autophagy, and cell death

Knight

Ren

et al. 2018

Acta Physiologica

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Stimulator of interferons genes (STING) is an adaptor protein that plays a critical role in the secretion of type I interferons and pro-inflammatory cytokines in response to cytosolic nucleic acid. Recent research indicates the involvement of the STING pathway in uncontrolled inflammation, sepsis, and shock. STING signaling is significantly up-regulated in human sepsis, and STING agonists are sug-

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The emerging role of stimulator of interferons genes signaling in sepsis: Inflammation, autophagy, and cell death

Knight

Ren

et al. 2018

Acta Physiologica

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“…More specifically, accumulating evidence reveals roles for that microRNAs (miRNAs) in various processes regulating inflammation regulation and immune responses, as these molecules inhibit the translation or degradation of mRNA to regulate the expressions of target genes [40]. The signaling cascade downstream of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is a major pathway controlled by that miRNAs, such as miR-155, miR-125b, miR-223, let-7i, and let-7e [41]. Based on the investigation of miRNAs in sepsis [42].…”

Section: At the Genetic Level Genetic Testing Makes Facilitates The mentioning

confidence: 99%

From sepsis to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): emerging preventive strategies based on molecular and genetic researches

Hao

Tang

2020

Bioscience Reports

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A healthy body activates the immune response to target invading pathogens (i.e. viruses, bacteria, fungi, and parasites) and avoid further systemic infection. The activation of immunological mechanisms includes several components of the immune system, such as innate and acquired immunity. Once any component of the immune response to infections is aberrantly altered or dysregulated, resulting in a failure to clear infection, sepsis will develop through a pro-inflammatory immunological mechanism. Furthermore, the severe inflammatory responses induced by sepsis also increase vascular permeability, leading to acute pulmonary edema and resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Apparently, potential for improvement exists in the management of the transition from sepsis to ARDS; thus, this article presents an exhaustive review that highlights the previously unrecognized relationship between sepsis and ARDS and suggests a direction for future therapeutic developments, including plasma and genetic pre-diagnostic strategies and interference with proinflammatory signaling.

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“…IL-6 has been recognized as one of the most accurate biomarkers predictive of death in clinical sepsis. 3 The main pathogenic mechanism related to COVID-19 is the cytokine storm, characterized by massive release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines that characterize highly aggressive fatal forms. 2 Characteristic findings are leukopenia and lymphocytopenia.…”

Section: Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The combined use of simulation-based education and digital technologies for dermatologic surgery has been previously reported. 3,4 Nicholas et al 5 carried out a pilot study and reported that learners were receptive to the use of simulators in their dermatologic training after a 2-day surgical symposium. More than 90% of the participants agreed that simulators were helpful.…”

Section: Dermatologic Surgery Training During the Covid-19 Eramentioning

confidence: 99%

‘Toxic erythema’ and eosinophilia associated with tocilizumab therapy in a COVID‐19 patient

Sernicola

Carnicelli

Fraia

et al. 2020

Acad Dermatol Venereol

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SARS-CoV-2 asymptomatic infection in a patient under treatment with dupilumab Dear Editor, We have read with great interest the letter of the European Task Force on Atopic Dermatitis on SARS-CoV-2 infection and atopic dermatitis published in JEADV (March 2020) 1 in which the authors state: 'Targeted treatment selectively interfering with type-2 inflammation such as dupilumab is not considered to increase the risk for viral infections and might thus be preferred. . .in a situation such as COVID-19 pandemic'. 1 We would like to report the case of a 72-year-old man affected by severe atopic dermatitis (histologically ascertained), who is under treatment with dupilumab since November 2019, with excellent clinical results. At the beginning of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic in Italy, although he was totally asymptomatic for COVID-19, as all the other residents in Vo' Euganeo, a small town near Padua, in the so-called 'Vo' Red Zone' (i.e. restricted area), he was tested with nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 detection and resulted positive. After 20 days of isolation period, the nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 resulted again positive. After 20 more days of isolation, he was tested positive for the third time. Three weeks later, the nasopharyngeal swab for SARS-CoV-2 was finally negative. Notwithstanding the risk factors (i.e. age >65 years and male gender), our patient throughout all this period (9 weeks) remained totally asymptomatic for COVID-19, in good general condition and free of atopic dermatitis. It would seem that treatment with dupilumab, similarly to other antibodies targeting pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. adalimumab, infliximab, ustekinumab, secukinumab and guselkumab), does not worsen the condition of patients infected by SARS-CoV-2 or increase the risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2, 2-7 possibly because these antibodies neutralize individual mediators of the inflammation cascade rather than leading to broad immunosuppression. 8 However, of course, more robust clinical data are needed in order to evaluate the safety of dupilumab and of other biologics in patients infected by SARS-CoV-2.

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Pathogen- and Danger-Associated Molecular Patterns and the Cytokine Response in Sepsis

Cited by 65 publications

References 86 publications

The emerging role of stimulator of interferons genes signaling in sepsis: Inflammation, autophagy, and cell death

The emerging role of stimulator of interferons genes signaling in sepsis: Inflammation, autophagy, and cell death

From sepsis to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): emerging preventive strategies based on molecular and genetic researches

‘Toxic erythema’ and eosinophilia associated with tocilizumab therapy in a COVID‐19 patient

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