Delayed conception in women with low-urinary iodine concentrations: a population-based prospective cohort study

Mills, James L.; Louis, Germaine M. Buck; Kannan, Kurunthachalam; Weck, Jennifer; Wan, Yanjian; Maisog, José M.; Giannakou, Andreas; Wu, Qian; Sundaram, Rajeshwari

doi:10.1093/humrep/dex379

Cited by 38 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Of 11 reviewed studies, seven included data from non-pregnant women ages 15–44 years indicating that the US population is at risk for iodine deficiency per urine spot testing [ 12 , 27 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ]. Median UIC in pregnant women of reproductive age showed a decreasing trend through the years, from 294 μg/L in NHANES I to 128 μg/L in NHANES III; median UIC of women non-pregnant women decreased from 293 to 127 μg/L during the same period [ 34 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Median UIC in pregnant women of reproductive age showed a decreasing trend through the years, from 294 μg/L in NHANES I to 128 μg/L in NHANES III; median UIC of women non-pregnant women decreased from 293 to 127 μg/L during the same period [ 34 ]. Most recent data from the LIFE study [ 35 ] indicates a dramatic reduction in median UIC levels in pregnant women to 97.2 μg/L, and non-pregnant women to 113.6 μg/L, indicating a significant cause for concern, as these values fall well below the recommended WHO range for median UIC in pregnant females. Seventeen percent of the US adult population were iodine deficient, with a median UIC < 150 μg/L, median UIC for all females was 134 μg/L, and median UIC for women of reproductive age was 124 μg/L [ 12 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Another study determined that percentage of women of reproductive age, 18–44 years, and pregnant women with iodine deficiency (< 50 μg/L) increased by 6.9 times in the period between the 1971–1974 and 1988–1994 NHANES data collection [ 39 ]. Of 11 reviewed studies, seven studies indicated that pregnant women in age group 15–44 years are at risk or have deficient iodine status, and the numbers of pregnant women assessed as being deficient have increased since NHANES 1971–74 [ 34 , 35 , 38 , 40 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Iodine Status of Women of Reproductive Age in the USA

Panth

Guerin

DiMarco

2019

Biol Trace Elem Res

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Iodine, an essential micronutrient, is required to produce thyroid hormones. Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) comprise a range of adverse maternal and fetal outcomes, with the most significant irreversible effect resulting from neurodevelopmental deficits in fetal brain caused by deficient iodine status during early pregnancy. The objective of this scoping review was to summarize the studies that assessed iodine status of women of reproductive age in the USA. A systematic review of literature using the PRISMA Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) statement was conducted. PubMed, Medline, CINAHL, EMBASE, EBSCOHost, Cochrane, ERIC, Google Scholar, and Web of Science databases were searched, 1652 records were identified. One thousand six hundred forty-one records that did not satisfy the inclusion/exclusion criteria and quality review were excluded, and 11 peer-reviewed articles were determined to be eligible for this scoping review. Despite the USA being considered iodine sufficient for the general population, the US dietary iodine intakes have decreased drastically since the 1970s, with iodine deficiency reemerging in vulnerable groups such as women of reproductive age. Although data to conduct a scoping review of iodine status among women of reproductive age in the USA was scarce, majority of the articles reviewed demonstrate emergent iodine deficiency in this population of women of reproductive age, indicating alarm for a public health concern needing immediate attention.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Review of Iodine Status of Women of Reproductive Age in the USA

Panth

Guerin

DiMarco

2019

Biol Trace Elem Res

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“…Excess iodine intake can also be detrimental to health as it alters thyroid function. Iodine deficiency in women during the childbearing years may delay conception (Mills et al 2018), with deficiency during pregnancy and breastfeeding being of particular concern because of the negative impact it can have on offspring brain development (Haddow et al 1999;Zimmermann 2009). At the extreme end of maternal iodine deficiency, the risk of infant mortality is increased and the condition cretinism can occur characterised by severe arrested physical and cognitive development (Hetzel 2000).…”

Section: Iodine and Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are plant‐based milk alternatives putting people at risk of low iodine intake?

Chambers

2018

Nutrition Bulletin

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“…Reported UIC levels below the target value of 100 µg/L have been recorded in more than 30% of childbearing-age women in the United States [ 8 9 ]. A recent population-based cohort study suggested that women with moderate to severe ID may experience significantly longer time to conceive and diminished fecundity [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iodine Status in Filipino Women of Childbearing Age

et al. 2018

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BackgroundIodine deficiency (ID) has become a concern not only among pregnant women, but in women of childbearing age as well. In fact, a recent report suggested that women with moderate to severe ID may experience a significantly longer time to conceive. This study aimed to investigate iodine status in Filipino women of childbearing age.MethodsThe iodine status of 6,194 Filipino women aged 15 to 45 years old was assessed through urinary iodine analysis. A casual spot urine sample was collected from women in households participating in the eighth National Nutrition Survey conducted by the Food and Nutrition Research Institute. The sample was analyzed using ammonium persulfate digestion followed by the Sandell-Kolthoff colorimetric reaction. A median urinary iodine concentration (UIC) of less than 100 µg/L was used to define ID.ResultsThe median UIC was 123 µg/L, indicative of adequate iodine nutrition; however, 21.5% of participants had a UIC below 50 µg/L. The median UIC of women who lived in urban areas (142 µg/L), belonged to the middle to richest class (>124 µg/L), had reached a college education (136 µg/L), and used iodized salt (15 ppm and above; 148 to 179 µg/L) reflected adequate iodine nutrition. ID was found to have been eliminated in the regions of Central Luzon, Eastern Visayas, Calabarzon, Mimaropa, and the National Capital, while mild ID was identified in Western Visayas, Southern and Western Mindanao, and in the Autonomous Region in Muslim Mindanao.ConclusionPockets of ID among women of childbearing age exist in the Philippines. Proper information through education and the use of adequately iodized salt are key measures for improving the iodine status of the studied population.

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Delayed conception in women with low-urinary iodine concentrations: a population-based prospective cohort study

Cited by 38 publications

References 28 publications

A Review of Iodine Status of Women of Reproductive Age in the USA

A Review of Iodine Status of Women of Reproductive Age in the USA

Are plant‐based milk alternatives putting people at risk of low iodine intake?

Iodine Status in Filipino Women of Childbearing Age

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