Increased Incidence of Enterococcal Infection in Nonviable Broiler Chicken Embryos in Western Canadian Hatcheries as Detected by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Karunarathna, Ruwani; Popowich, Shelly; Wawryk, Morgan; Chow-Lockerbie, Betty; Ahmed, Khawaja Ashfaque; Yu, Chunxia; Liu, Mengying; Goonewardene, Kalhari; Gunawardana, Thushari; Kurukulasuriya, Shanika; Gupta, Ashish; Willson, Philip; Ambrose, N. S.; Ngeleka, Musangu; Gomis, Susantha

doi:10.1637/11678-052317-reg.1

Cited by 16 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 73 publications

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“…Characteristics of bacterial colonies were observed such as yellow pigment for H. somni , β‐hemolysis for M. haemolytica and mucoid appearance for P. multocida . Matrix‐Assisted Laser Desorption and Ionization Time‐of‐Flight (MALDI‐TOF) Mass Spectrometry (MALDI Biotyper 3.1.66) was used for bacterial identification, with scores equal or greater than 2.0 considered positive identification (Karunarathna et al, ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pulmonary virome, bacteriological and histopathological findings in bovine respiratory disease from western Canada

Zhang

Hill

Godson

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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The aetiology and pathogenesis of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) are complex and involve the interplay of infectious agents, management and environmental factors. Previous studies of BRD focused on ante‐mortem samples from the upper respiratory tract and identified several unconventional viruses. The lung, however, is the primary location where significant BRD lesions are usually found and is a common post‐mortem diagnostic specimen. In this study, results of high‐throughput virome sequencing, bacterial culture, targeted real‐time PCR and histological examination of 130 bovine pneumonic lungs from western Canadian cattle were combined to explore associations of microorganisms with different types of pneumonia. Fibrinous bronchopneumonia (FBP) was the predominant type of pneumonia (46.2%, 60/130) and was associated with the detection of Mannheimia haemolytica. Detection of Histophilus somni and Pasteurella multocida was associated with suppurative bronchopneumonia (SBP) and concurrent bronchopneumonia and bronchointerstitial pneumonia (BP&BIP), respectively. Sixteen viruses were identified, of which bovine parvovirus 2 (BPV2) was the most prevalent (11.5%, 15/130) followed by ungulate tetraparvovirus 1 (UTPV1, 8.5%, 11/130) and bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV, 8.5%, 11/130). None of these viruses, however, were significantly associated with a particular type of pneumonia. Unconventional viruses such as influenza D virus (IDV) and bovine rhinitis B virus (BRBV) were detected, although sparsely, consistent with our previous findings in upper respiratory tract samples. Taken together, our results show that while virus detection in post‐mortem lung samples is of relatively little diagnostic value, the strong associations of H. somni and M. haemolytica with SBP and FBP, respectively, indicate that histopathology can be useful in differentiating bacterial aetiologies.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The pulmonary virome, bacteriological and histopathological findings in bovine respiratory disease from western Canada

Zhang

Hill

Godson

et al. 2019

Transbound Emerg Dis

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“…Previously, Banik et al (2018) et al, 2011). Globally, several studies detected E. faecium from broiler chickens with variable occurrence rates (Garcia-Migura et al, 2005;Karunarathna et al, 2017;Rehman et al, 2018;Tremblay et al, 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…from any kind of sample and gives higher specificity and sensitivity of the results (Maheux et al., 2011 ). Globally, several studies detected E. faecium from broiler chickens with variable occurrence rates (Garcia‐Migura et al., 2005 ; Karunarathna et al., 2017 ; Rehman et al., 2018 ; Tremblay et al., 2011 ). These variations might be lined with the variations in geographical and seasonal distributions, the farm management systems (hygiene, biosecurity, and sanitary), sample size and types, and methodological factors (Islam, Paul, et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular detection and antibiotyping of multi‐drug resistant Enterococcus faecium from healthy broiler chickens in Bangladesh

Roy

Islam

Paul

et al. 2021

Veterinary Medicine & Sci

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Background: Enterococcus faecium is a ubiquitously distributed member of the intestinal microbiota of both humans and animals. Antibiotic resistant E. faecium are a major public health concern.Objectives: This study aimed to detect multi-drug resistant (MDR) E. faecium and their antibiotic resistance genes from broiler chickens in Bangladesh.Methods: A total of 100 faecal samples of healthy broilers were screened by conventional methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect E. faecium and their resistance genes. Disk diffusion test was employed to determine antibiotic profiles.Results: By PCR, among 100 samples, 45% [95% confidence interval (CI): 35.62%-54.76%] were positive for E. faecium. Based on antibiogram, all the E. faecium isolates were found resistant to ampicillin, and frequently (93.33%-55.56%) resistant to ceftriaxone, cefotaxime, streptomycin, erythromycin, and imipenem; moderate to lower (26.67%-4.44%) resistance to tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, and vancomycin. Interestingly, 80% (95% CI: 66.18%-89.10%) E. faecium isolates were MDR in nature. In addition, the indices of multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) ranged from 0.08 to 0.83. By bivariate analysis, high positive significant correlations were observed between resistance profiles of erythromycin and imipenem, ciprofloxacin and norfloxacin, erythromycin and streptomycin, ceftriaxone and cefotaxime, tetracycline and chloramphenicol, and streptomycin and imipenem.Furthermore, the prevalence of resistance genes of E. faecium was 58.33% (tetA), 33.33% (tetB), 35.56% (bla TEM ), 60% (CITM), 13.33% (aadA1), and 12% (SHV). Conclusions:To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study in Bangladesh to detect MDR and MAR E. faecium and their associated resistance genes. The detection of MDR and MAR E. faecium and their corresponding resistance genes from healthyThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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“…Our recent study revealed that the majority of non-viable broiler chicken embryos examined in western Canadian hatcheries were co-infected with Enterococcus species and Escherichia coli [19]. Enterococcus species and E. coli colonizing the gut of animals are used as bacterial indicators to monitor the prevalence and dissemination of AMR between food animal species and humans [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on AMR surveillance on non-viable chicken embryos in hatcheries. [19]. Bacterial swabs were cultured on 5% Columbia sheep blood agar (BA) (Oxoid Company, Napean, ON) and bacterial identification was done by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) (Bruker Daltonics, Milton, ON) as previously described [23].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-viable chicken embryos: an overlooked niche harbouring a significant source of multidrug resistant bacteria in the poultry production

Karunarathna

Ahmed

Liu

et al. 2020

International Journal of Veterinary Science and Medicine

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Increased Incidence of Enterococcal Infection in Nonviable Broiler Chicken Embryos in Western Canadian Hatcheries as Detected by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry

Cited by 16 publications

References 73 publications

The pulmonary virome, bacteriological and histopathological findings in bovine respiratory disease from western Canada

The pulmonary virome, bacteriological and histopathological findings in bovine respiratory disease from western Canada

Molecular detection and antibiotyping of multi‐drug resistant Enterococcus faecium from healthy broiler chickens in Bangladesh

Non-viable chicken embryos: an overlooked niche harbouring a significant source of multidrug resistant bacteria in the poultry production

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