Efficacy of Crocus sativus (saffron) in treatment of major depressive disorder associated with post-menopausal hot flashes: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Kashani, Ladan; Esalatmanesh, Sophia; Eftekhari, Farzaneh; Salimi, Samrand; Foroughifar, Tahereh; Etesam, Farnaz; Safi-Aghdam, Hamideh; Moazen‐Zadeh, Ehsan; Akhondzadeh, Shahin

doi:10.1007/s00404-018-4655-2

Cited by 55 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Consequently, we considered these two papers as one RCT. Therefore, a total of 11 placebocontrolled, randomized trials with 531 patients were included in the qualitative analysis [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Altogether, ten articles reporting on nine trials were included in our final quantitative analysis [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][29][30][31]. Akhondzadeh et al [32] provided the baseline HAM-D scores numerically, but the outcomes were shown only graphically in a figure, therefore, we could not include the results of this trial in the quantitative analysis.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only studies assessing well-characterized saffron products and using pharmacological doses of saffron were included in our meta-analysis. In four studies, a commercially available product, SaffroMood, was used [23,26,27,29]. Each SaffroMood capsule contained 15 mg 80 % ethanolic dry extract of the stigma of C. sativus, and it was standardized to crocin (1.65-1.75 mg/capsule).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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Herbal products, especially extracts, have been widely used as first-line treatments for mild to moderate depression. Recently, several randomized, controlled clinical trials have been conducted to evaluate the efficacy of another plant, saffron (), in mild to moderate depression. We have carried out a literature review of currently available published randomized, controlled clinical trials to give an up-to-date evaluation of the efficacy of saffron in mild to moderate depression, compared to placebo or routinely used antidepressants. The meta-analysis is reported according to the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines using the PICO (patients, intervention, comparison, outcome) format and was conducted using the statistical programs Comprehensive Meta-analysis and RevMan. PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Web of Science databases were searched for relevant studies. Only placebo or active controlled, randomized clinical studies involving patients suffering from mild to moderate depression and using pharmacological doses of saffron were included. Hedges' g was used to calculate effect sizes. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool, and heterogeneity was tested by both performing the Cochran's test and calculating Higgins' indicator. Eleven randomized trials were included in the qualitative analysis, and nine were pooled for statistical analysis. According to the present meta-analysis, saffron has a significant effect on the severity of depression. Available data from randomized, controlled clinical trials support that saffron is significantly more effective than placebo (g = 0.891; 95% CI: 0.369 - 1.412, p = 0.001), and non-inferior to tested antidepressant drugs (g = - 0.246; 95% CI: - 0.495 - 0.004, p = 0.053).

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Antidepressant such as serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIS) and tricyclic antidepressant (TCA) reverse the immobility posture and enhance escape attempts behavior. Immobility exhibited by rodents when subject to unavoidable stress such as forced swimming and tail suspension reflect a state of despair or lowered mood, which is thought to reflect depressive episodes in humans (Cryan et al, 2005;Everton et al, 2018).Rodents when forced to swim in a cylinder from which they cannot escape will after an initial period of vigorous activity, display a characteristic immobile posture which can be readily identified and is said to reflect a state of despair (Kashani et al, 2018). The methanol root bark extract of S. virosa reverses the immobility and promote the occurrence of escape-related behavior in mice.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antidepressant activity of methanol root bark extract of <i>Securinega virosa</i> (Ex Willd.) Baill in albino mice

Shehu¹,

Magaji²,

Sanni³

et al. 2018

Bayero J. Pure App. Sci.

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Securinega virosa (S. virosa) is a commonly used psychiatric illnesses. Thus, the current study aimed at methanol extract of S. virosa in mice. determined. The antidepressant activity of the extract (500, 250 and 125 mg/kg) using the tail suspension test(TST), forced swim test (FST) and open field test (OFT).The median lethal dose was estimated to be flavonoids, alkaloids and cardiac glycosides were found to be present in the crude extract. The methanol root bark extract of S. virosa significantly (p<0.05) decreased duration of immobility and also decreased comotion and explorator showed that the root bark extract of S. virosa

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“…The treatment with 28 mg/day of the extract improved, as reported by self‐evaluation, mood, stress, anxiety, and sleep quality in healthy adults (Kell et al, ). The administration of crocin (30 mg/day for 8 weeks) reduced the symptoms of depression in subjects with metabolic syndrome (Jam et al, ), whereas treatment with saffron (15 or 30 mg/day) improved the depressive symptoms in postmenopausal healthy women (Kashani et al, ). A limited number of clinical evidences indicate that saffron supplementation could improve symptoms of depression; however, the small size studies, protocol heterogeneity, and small number of patients limit reproducibility and comparability between the studies.…”

Section: Potential Therapeutic Applications Of Saffronmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotherapic use of the Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) and its potential applications: A brief overview

Leone

Recinella

Chiavaroli

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

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Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) has long been known for multiple target therapeutic uses. The plant metabolism is well investigated and the main metabolites related to saffron organoleptic qualities are crocin, crocetin, picrocrocin, and safranal. Particularly, the most abundant of them, such as crocin and safranal, are investigated for their multiple biological activities and known as potential drugs. We aimed to review the constituent features of the plant, along with its potential therapeutic effects in depression, neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, cancer, and sexual dysfunction. A systematic literature search was conducted in PubMed, Medline, Scopus, and EMBASE, with particular attention to preclinical and clinical studies. Although saffron and its components showed potential clinical applications, further investigations are necessary to confirm the effective use of "Red Gold" and its real applications in clinical practice.

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Efficacy of Crocus sativus (saffron) in treatment of major depressive disorder associated with post-menopausal hot flashes: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial

Cited by 55 publications

References 31 publications

The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis

The Efficacy of Saffron in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Depression: A Meta-analysis

Antidepressant activity of methanol root bark extract of <i>Securinega virosa</i> (Ex Willd.) Baill in albino mice

Phytotherapic use of the Crocus sativus L. (Saffron) and its potential applications: A brief overview

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