High-resolution 129 I bomb peak profile in an ice core from SE-Dome site, Greenland

Atmospheric Iodine (127I and 129I) Record in Spruce Tree Rings in the Northeast Qinghai-Tibet Plateau

“…129 I, a long-lived radioisotope of iodine ( T 1/2 = 15.7 Ma), has been released to the environment by human nuclear activities, including nuclear fuel reprocessing plants (NFRPs), nuclear weapons tests (NWTs), and nuclear accidents (NAs). The anthropogenic 129 I (NFRPs: 7400 kg; NWTs: 150 kg; NAs: 7.2 kg) has highly overwhelmed the natural inventory in surface environment (250 kg, with a prenuclear 129 I/ 127 I atomic ratio of 1.5 × 10 –12 ). , Due to the unique source of anthropogenic 129 I, volatile properties and biophilic characteristics of iodine, the anthropogenic 129 I has been widely applied as an environmental tracer for investigation of regional radioactive sources and the related atmospheric transport pathways by determination of 129 I preserved in time-serial samples (sediment, ice core, and coral samples). − However, due to the insufficient resolutions of sediment samples caused by low deposition rates in many locations, the sampling difficulties, and specified locations of ice cores and coral samples, they are not sufficient for the investigation in large areas, especially in midlow latitude terrestrial environments.…”

“…5,6 Due to unique source of anthropogenic 129 I, volatile property and biophilic characteristics of iodine, the anthropogenic 129 I has been widely applied as an environmental tracer for investigation of regional radioactive sources and the related atmospheric transport pathways by determination of 129 I preserved in time-serial samples (sediment, ice core and coral samples). [6][7][8][9][10][11][12] However, due to 48 the insufficient resolutions of sediment samples caused by low deposition rates in many locations, the sampling difficulties and specified locations of ice core and coral samples, they are not sufficient for the investigation in large areas, especially in mid-low latitude terrestrial environment.…”

The Sihailongwan Maar Lake, northeastern China as a candidate Global boundary Stratotype Section and Point for the Anthropocene series

“…Our results demonstrate that 129 I provides a good record of atmospheric deposition. Such records of anthropogenic 129 I have also been observed in corals, and tree rings, among other natural archives (Bautista et al, 2016(Bautista et al, , 2018Mitsuguchi et al, 2021;Reithmeier et al, 2006;Zhao et al, 2019). Taken together, these records provide robust global and continental signals of human nuclear activities, from the mid-20th century to the present.…”

Part 1: Anthropocene Series/Epoch: stratigraphic context and justification of rank The Anthropocene Epoch and Crawfordian Age: proposals by the Anthropocene Working Group

“…Subsequent, post-bomb-spike sediments are shown at Sihailongwan Maar Lake to contain 129 I mainly from European nuclear fuel reprocessing plants through marine transport and long-distance atmospheric deposition . Anthropogenic 129 I has also been observed in sediment cores in western Europe, and East and South Asia (Aldahan et al, 2007;Fan et al, 2016;Zhang et al, 2018), ice cores, corals and tree rings (e.g., Bautista et al, 2016Bautista et al, , 2018Zhao et al, 2019).…”