Alterations of the cerebellum and basal ganglia in bipolar disorder mood states detected by quantitative T1ρ mapping

Johnson, Casey P.; Christensen, Gary E.; Fiedorowicz, Jess G.; Mani, Merry; Shaffer, Joseph J.; Magnotta, Vincent A.; Wemmie, John A.

doi:10.1111/bdi.12581

Cited by 34 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 71 publications

(90 reference statements)

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“…The cerebellum is involved in emotional, cognitive, and social processing , and presumably plays a role in the pathophysiology of most psychiatric disorders . Our findings of reduced metabolism in central cerebellar areas in BIP‐II patients harmonize with several previous studies . The small cluster in the left middle cerebellar peduncle in BPD patients indicates that cerebellar tracts could be affected in BPD as well.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Patterns of altered regional brain glucose metabolism in borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder

Bøen

Hjørnevik

Hummelen

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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S, Malt UF. Patterns of altered regional brain glucose metabolism in borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder.Objective: The relationship between borderline personality disorder (BPD) and bipolar II disorder (BIP-II) is disputed but understudied. Here, we investigated brain glucose metabolism in these patient groups and healthy control subjects (HCs). Methods: Sixty-five subjects, 22 BPD (19 females), 22 BIP-II (17 females), and 21 HC (14 females), were examined using 2-deoxy-2[18F]-fluoro-dglucose positron-emission tomography (PET) scanning. Only patients without reciprocal comorbidity were recruited; BPD participants without bipolar spectrum pathology; BIP-II participants without cluster A/B personality pathology. Groups were compared pairwise. Associations with mood state and childhood trauma were analyzed. Results: Both patient groups exhibited hypometabolism compared with HCs in insula, brainstem, and frontal white matter. Additionally, BPD patients showed hypometabolism in hypothalamus, midbrain, and striatum; BIP-II patients in cerebellum. Uncorrected analyses showed cortical areas of higher metabolism in BIP-II than BPD, and associations with clinical variables differed between the groups. Conclusion: Reduced metabolism in the insula regions was shown in both disorders, suggesting shared pathophysiological mechanisms. The observed patterns of altered metabolism specific to each patient group, as well as the uncorrected results, may also suggest differential pathophysiology. However, these latter findings must be interpreted cautiously given the non-significant corrected results in the direct comparison between the disorders. Significant outcomes• This is the first FDG-PET study comparing patients with borderline personality disorder and patients with bipolar II disorder.• Several regions of decreased metabolism, including insula and frontotemporal white matter, were common for both disorders.• Reduced metabolism in the hypothalamus was shown in borderline patients only. This finding could potentially be linked to several previously suggested endocrinological disturbances in this disorder, involving HPA-axis, oxytocin, and testosterone.• Uncorrected analyses showed differences between the disorders regarding correlation with clinical variables. Limitations• Most participants were on psychotropic medication. • The number of participants was limited, although comparable with previous PET studies of these patient groups.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Patterns of altered regional brain glucose metabolism in borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder

Bøen

Hjørnevik

Hummelen

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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“…In addition, Johnson et al. reported, using quantitative T1p mapping, cerebellar abnormalities in patients with BD. T1p mapping abnormalities were normalized in patients treated with lithium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cerebellar parcellation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Laidi

Hájek

Španiel

et al. 2019

Acta Psychiatr Scand

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parcellation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorderObjective: The cerebellum is involved in cognitive processing and emotion control. Cerebellar alterations could explain symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD). In addition, literature suggests that lithium might influence cerebellar anatomy. Our aim was to study cerebellar anatomy in SZ and BD, and investigate the effect of lithium. Methods: Participants from 7 centers worldwide underwent a 3T MRI. We included 182 patients with SZ, 144 patients with BD, and 322 controls. We automatically segmented the cerebellum using the CERES pipeline. All outputs were visually inspected. Results: Patients with SZ showed a smaller global cerebellar gray matter volume compared to controls, with most of the changes located to the cognitive part of the cerebellum (Crus II and lobule VIIb). This decrease was present in the subgroup of patients with recent-onset SZ. We did not find any alterations in the cerebellum in patients with BD. However, patients medicated with lithium had a larger size of the anterior cerebellum, compared to patients not treated with lithium. Conclusion: Our multicenter study supports a distinct pattern of cerebellar alterations in SZ and BD.

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“…The T 1ρ relaxation time may be useful to detect brain pathology, including abnormal metabolism and neurodegeneration, due to its sensitivity to both biochemical factors such as pH and microstructural factors including macromolecular content and cellular density . Altered T 1ρ relaxation times have been observed in a number of neurological and psychiatric diseases including Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, multiple sclerosis, bipolar disorder, and Huntington’s disease . There is also interest in using T 1ρ mapping in the clinical management of stroke and glioma …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Three‐Dimensional GRE T_1ρ mapping of the brain using tailored variable flip‐angle scheduling

Johnson

Thedens

Kruger

et al. 2020

Magnetic Resonance in Med

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Purpose:To introduce a new approach called tailored variable flip-angle (VFA) scheduling for SNR-efficient 3D T 1ρ mapping of the brain using a magnetizationprepared gradient-echo sequence. Methods: Simulations were used to assess the relative SNR efficiency, quantitative accuracy, and spatial blurring of tailored VFA scheduling for T 1ρ mapping of brain tissue compared with magnetization-prepared angle-modulated partitioned k-space spoiled gradient-echo snapshots (MAPSS), a state-of-the-art technique for accurate 3D gradient-echo T 1ρ mapping. Simulations were also used to calculate optimal imaging parameters for tailored VFA scheduling versus MAPSS, without and with nulling of CSF. Four participants were imaged at 3T MRI to demonstrate the feasibility of tailored VFA scheduling for T 1ρ mapping of the brain. Using MAPSS as a reference standard, in vivo data were used to validate the relative SNR efficiency and quantitative accuracy of the new approach. Results: Tailored VFA scheduling can provide a 2-fold to 4-fold gain in the SNR of the resulting T 1ρ map as compared with MAPSS when using identical sequence parameters while limiting T 1ρ quantification errors to 2% or less. In vivo whole-brain 3D T 1ρ maps acquired with tailored VFA scheduling had superior SNR efficiency than is achievable with MAPSS, and the SNR efficiency improved with a greater number of views per segment. Conclusions: Tailored VFA scheduling is an SNR-efficient GRE technique for 3D T 1ρ mapping of the brain that provides increased flexibility in choice of imaging parameters compared with MAPSS, which may benefit a variety of applications. K E Y W O R D Saccuracy, brain, quantitative MRI, SNR, T 1 rho, tailored VFA scheduling 1236 | JOHNSON et al.

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Alterations of the cerebellum and basal ganglia in bipolar disorder mood states detected by quantitative T1ρ mapping

Cited by 34 publications

References 71 publications

Patterns of altered regional brain glucose metabolism in borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder

Patterns of altered regional brain glucose metabolism in borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder

Cerebellar parcellation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Three‐Dimensional GRE T_1ρ mapping of the brain using tailored variable flip‐angle scheduling

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Alterations of the cerebellum and basal ganglia in bipolar disorder mood states detected by quantitative T1ρ mapping

Cited by 34 publications

References 71 publications

Patterns of altered regional brain glucose metabolism in borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder

Patterns of altered regional brain glucose metabolism in borderline personality disorder and bipolar II disorder

Cerebellar parcellation in schizophrenia and bipolar disorder

Three‐Dimensional GRE T1ρ mapping of the brain using tailored variable flip‐angle scheduling

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Product

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Three‐Dimensional GRE T_1ρ mapping of the brain using tailored variable flip‐angle scheduling