NaCl-induced expression of AtVHA-c5 gene in the roots plays a role in response of Arabidopsis to salt stress

Abstract

Suppression of AtVHA-c5 expression results in changes in H and Na fluxes of roots, and increase sensitivity to salt in Arabidopsis. Vacuolar-type H-ATPase (V-ATPase), a multisubunit endomembrane proton pump, is essential in plant growth and response to environmental stresses. In the present study, the function of Arabidopsis V-ATPase subunit c5 (AtVHA-c5) gene in response to salt stress was investigated. Subcellular localization showed that AtVHA-c5 was mainly localized to endosomes and the vacuolar membrane in Arabidopsis. The analysis of quantitative real-time PCR showed that expression of AtVHA-c5 gene was induced by NaCl stress. Histochemical analysis revealed that AtVHA-c5 was expressed in the root epidermis of untreated Arabidopsis and in the whole root elongation zone after NaCl treatment. Phenotypic analysis showed that the atvha-c5 mutant is sensitive to high NaCl as compared to the wild type. The non-invasive micro-test technology measurement demonstrated that the net H and Na efflux in the root elongation zone of the atvha-c5 mutant was weaker than that of the wild type under NaCl treatment, suggesting that H and Na fluxes in atvha-c5 roots are impaired under NaCl stress. Moreover, compared to the wild type, the expression of AtSOS1 (salt overly sensitive 1) and AtAHA1 (plasma membrane H-ATPase 1) were down-regulated in atvha-c5 roots under NaCl stress. Overall, our results indicate that AtVHA-c5 plays a role in Arabidopsis root response to NaCl stress by influencing H and Na fluxes.

PsCor413pm2, a Plasma Membrane-Localized, Cold-Regulated Protein from Phlox subulata, Confers Low Temperature Tolerance in Arabidopsis

“…Net Ca 2+ flux was measured using NMT (NMT100 Series, Younger USA LLC, Amherst, MA, USA) as described previously [ 25 , 32 ]. Seven-day-old seedling root segments were immobilized in measuring solution (0.1 mM KCl, 0.1 mM CaCl 2 , 0.1 mM MgCl 2 , 0.5 mM NaCl, 0.3 mM 2-(N-morpholino) ethanesulfonic acid (MES), and 0.2 mM Na 2 SO 4 , pH 6.0) to measure Ca 2+ flux.…”

Transcriptomic Profiling of Pomegranate Provides Insights into Salt Tolerance

“…The first type is the effector code the functional proteins, which are directly involved in the physiological and biochemical responses to salt stress in plants. These proteins include the superoxide dismutase (SOD) [9], ascorbate peroxidase (APX) [10], high-affinity potassium transporter (HKT) [11], Na + /H + antiporter (NHX) [12], aquaporin (AQP) [13], late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) [14], and H + -ATPase (VHA) [15], etc. The second type is regulator that involved in regulating the expressions of genes and the signal transduction pathways, such as transcription factors (TFs) and various kinases [16].…”

Arabidopsis V-ATPase d2 subunit plays a role in plant responses to oxidative stress

“…3). Furthermore, the localization pattern of AtVHA-d2 was similar to those of AtVHA-c5 [12]. The consistency of the expression pattern and subcellular localization suggest that AtVHA-d2, together with AtVHA-c, may be involved in the assembly of the V-ATPase in the expressed tissues.…”

“…Net H + flux was measured using the Non-invasive Micro-test Technology (NMT100 Series, YoungerUSA LLC, Amherst, MA, USA) as described previously [12,24]. Seven-day-old seedlings of Col-0 and the atvha-d2 mutant were grown on 1/2 MS medium, and were exposed to mannitol (200 mM), NaCl…”

“…For example, the growth of deetiolated3 (det3), a mutant of AtVHA-C, was significantly inhibited and was salt-sensitive [10,11]. The atvha-a1 and atvha-c5 mutants are also sensitive to salt [8,12]. Yeast two-hybrid analysis has shown that AtVHA-B interacted directly with salt overly sensitive 2 (AtSOS2) [10].…”