Effects of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections on Seminal Parameters in Male Partners of Infertile Couples

Kurscheidt, Fábio A.; Damke, Edílson; Bento, Jaqueline C.; Balani, Valério Américo; Takeda, Karen I.; Piva, Sérgio; Piva, João P.; Irie, Mary Mayumi Taguti; Gimenes, Fernanda Raphael Escobar; Consolaro, Márcia Edilaine Lopes

doi:10.1016/j.urology.2017.11.050

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…Kurscheidt indicated that there is a tight relationship between HSV‐1 infection and low sperm count. HSV‐2 infection may lead to haematospermia and low semen volume, as well (Kurscheidt et al., 2018). In another study, viral cultures illustrated that 9% of samples were infected with HSV‐2 DNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of Human papilloma virus and human herpes viruses (EBV, CMV, VZV HSV‐1 and HSV‐2) in semen samples

et al. 2021

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There are a number of risk factors, especially viral diseases, which can lead to infertility. Among the various viral infections, much attention has been given to the role of the Papillomaviridae and Herpesviridae. After collecting 82 semen samples (37 teratospermia, 2 asthenozoospermia, 2 oligoasthenospermia, 1 oligospermia, 6 asthenoteratospermia and 34 normal semen samples), and washing them, the DNA from both freshly ejaculated spermatozoon and washed spermatozoa was extracted. Subsequently, the prevalence of EBV, CMV, HSV‐1, HSV‐2, VZV and HPV was evaluated using Multiplex PCR and Nested PCR. In this study, 1 normal and 5 abnormal semen samples were infected with HSV‐1 (1 normal, 4 teratospermia and 1 oligoasthenospermia). In addition, there were 2 VZV‐positive samples (both were teratozoospermia). Nested PCR indicated that 1 asthenozoospermia, 1 asthenoteratospermia, 3 teratospermia and 4 normal samples were HPV positive (including 8 HPV‐18 and 1 HPV‐33). Among 9 HPV‐positive subjects, 3 samples were negative after washing the infected samples. The prevalence of EBV, CMV, VZV, HSV‐1 and HSV‐2 remained unchanged prior to and after washing. Maybe sperm washing can be useful to eliminate HPV infection from semen samples, but further investigation is required because of the small number of samples.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evaluation of Human papilloma virus and human herpes viruses (EBV, CMV, VZV HSV‐1 and HSV‐2) in semen samples

et al. 2021

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“…Lately, HPV vaccination in men with HPV in semen has reduced virus prevalence, improved sperm motility and decreased anti-sperm antibodies, probably through immunity stimulation, while improving pregnancy and live birth rate (190,212). (53,334,373,471). Together with hematospermia, these biochemical modifications suggest an impact of HSV infection on the epididymis and accessory glands physiology (53,373).…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(53,334,373,471). Together with hematospermia, these biochemical modifications suggest an impact of HSV infection on the epididymis and accessory glands physiology (53,373). Two studies failed to substantiate the effect of HSV infection on sperm parameters, but their conclusions could have been impaired by the very low number of HSV+ patients tested (n=4) (54,503) and by assessment of HSV infection through antibodies rather than virus detection (478).…”

Section: Human Immunodeficiency Virusmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Ancient to Emerging Infections: The Odyssey of Viruses in the Male Genital Tract

Tortorec

Matusali

Mahé

et al. 2020

Physiological Reviews

103

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The male genital tract (MGT) is the target of a number of viral infections that can have deleterious consequences at the individual, offspring, and population levels. These consequences include infertility, cancers of male organs, transmission to the embryo/fetal development abnormalities, and sexual dissemination of major viral pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus. Lately, two emerging viruses, Zika and Ebola, have additionally revealed that the human MGT can constitute a reservoir for viruses cleared from peripheral circulation by the immune system, leading to their sexual transmission by cured men. This represents a concern for future epidemics and further underlines the need for a better understanding of the interplay between viruses and the MGT. We review here how viruses, from ancient viruses that integrated the germline during evolution through old viruses (e.g., papillomaviruses originating from Neanderthals) and more modern sexually transmitted infections (e.g., simian zoonotic HIV) to emerging viruses (e.g., Ebola and Zika) take advantage of genital tract colonization for horizontal dissemination, viral persistence, vertical transmission, and endogenization. The MGT immune responses to viruses and the impact of these infections are discussed. We summarize the latest data regarding the sources of viruses in semen and the complex role of this body fluid in sexual transmission. Finally, we introduce key animal findings that are relevant for our understanding of viral infection and persistence in the human MGT and suggest future research directions.

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“…Human papillomavirus (HPV) was also found in most parts of the male reproductive system, including the testis, epididymis, ductus deferens, and semen 38‐40 . Finally, both cytomegalovirus (CMV) 41 and herpes simplex virus (HSV) 42 were detected in human spermatozoa. While CMV was found to have no impact on male reproductive health, HSV detection in the ejaculate was directly correlated with reduced sperm motility and normal morphology 43…”

Section: Other Viral Infections In the Male Reproductive Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current status of the COVID‐19 and male reproduction: A review of the literature

et al. 2021

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Background: Coronavirus disease 2019 , which causes serious respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia and lung failure, was first reported in mid-December 2019 in China and has spread around the world. In addition to causing serious respiratory illnesses such as pneumonia and lung failure, there have been conflicting reports about the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in the semen of patients who were previously diagnosed with COVID-19 and possible implications for the male reproductive tract. Objective:The goal for the present study was to review the current status of the literature concerning COVID-19 and male reproduction. Material and methods: An electronic literature search was done by using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Relevant papers, concerning SARS-COV-2 and COVID-19 and male reproduction, published between January 2020 and December 2020 were selected, analyzed and eventually included in the present literature review.Results: SARS-CoV-2 may infect any cell type expressing angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), including reproductive cells. Besides the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 receptor, the expression of host proteases, such as transmembrane serine protease 2 (TMPRSS2), is needed to cleave the viral S protein, allowing permanent fusion of the viral and host cell membranes. Here, we aimed to review the current status of the literature concerning COVID-19 and male reproduction. The lack of co-expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 in the testis suggests that sperm cells may not be at increased risk of viral entry and spread. However, the presence of orchitis in COVID-19-confirmed patients and compromised sex-related hormonal balance among these patients intrigues reproductive medicine.Discussion: SARS-CoV-2 may use alternate receptors to enter certain cell types, or the expression of ACE2 and TMPRSS2 may not be detected in healthy individuals. Conclusion: COVID-19 challenges all medical areas, including reproductive medicine.It is not yet clear what effects, if any, the COVID-19 pandemic will have on male reproduction. Further research is needed to understand the long-term impact of SARS-CoV-2 on male reproductive function. K E Y W O R D SCOVID-19, male reproduction, SARS-CoV-2, testicles, viral 2 | 1 | INTRODUC TI ON Since the first case of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was reported in Wuhan, China, it has rapidly spread and affected more than 21 million people worldwide as of 17 August 2020. 1 SARS-CoV-2 uses angiotensin-converting enzyme II (ACE2) to enter host cells, similar to SARS-CoV, which emerged 18 years ago. 2COVID-19 induces respiratory-predominant multiorgan dysfunction, including myocardial, renal, enteric and hepatic dysfunction, which coincides with the tissue expression of ACE2. 3 Meanwhile, several studies have shown that ACE2 is expressed in human testes (eg spermatogonia, Leydig cells and Sertoli cells), 4,5 suggesting that the testes may be another organ affected by COVID-19.Numerous viruses have been detected in human...

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Effects of Herpes Simplex Virus Infections on Seminal Parameters in Male Partners of Infertile Couples

Cited by 28 publications

References 26 publications

The evaluation of Human papilloma virus and human herpes viruses (EBV, CMV, VZV HSV‐1 and HSV‐2) in semen samples

The evaluation of Human papilloma virus and human herpes viruses (EBV, CMV, VZV HSV‐1 and HSV‐2) in semen samples

From Ancient to Emerging Infections: The Odyssey of Viruses in the Male Genital Tract

Current status of the COVID‐19 and male reproduction: A review of the literature

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