Review of the fate and transformation of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in landfills

Evaluation of the effects of PFAS soil adsorption and transformation in the presence of divalent cations under ambient conditions

“…The MPCA report concludes that PFOS solubility is >300 mg/L in fresh water and 12.4–21.8 mg/L in salt water. This supports the discussion by Hamid et al () regarding a difference in sorption between low ionic strength water (lower sorption and higher solubility) and high ionic strength salt water (higher sorption and decreased solubility).…”

“…PFPS concentrations exhibited a decrease in Group 4 control sample only. Available literature (Hamid et al, ) indicates that the sorption of PFAS resulting from the presence of multivalent cations may occur due to bridges between anionic PFAS and negatively charged surfaces of the sorbent.…”

“… Hamid, Li, and Grace () report that a review of available literature indicates that mobility of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) can be affected by variation in pH (decreased sorption and increased mobility with increased pH) and organic matter content (weakly correlated with PFAA concentrations in leachate due to hydrophobic partitioning of the perfluorinated chain with organic matter). In addition, Hamid et al () indicate that sorption of anionic PFAS may increase due to multivalent cation concentrations via bridging between anionic PFAS and negatively charged surfaces and that seasonal variation of Mg +2 and SO 4 −2 , among other constituents, may contribute to the observed variability of PFAS concentrations in leachate from landfills. Zhi and Liu () performed a single‐batch study of sorption rates for select cationic and anionic PFAS to assess sorption onto pyrogenic carbonaceous material (PCM) as well as soil organic matter (SOM). The study showed that although PFAS sorbed onto PCM and SOM, sorption onto PCM is stronger. Xiao, Zhang, Penn, Gulliver, and Simcik () performed modeling and experimental evaluation of competitive adsorption of PFAAs onto kaolinite.…”

“…Hamid, Li, and Grace () report that a review of available literature indicates that mobility of perfluoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) can be affected by variation in pH (decreased sorption and increased mobility with increased pH) and organic matter content (weakly correlated with PFAA concentrations in leachate due to hydrophobic partitioning of the perfluorinated chain with organic matter). In addition, Hamid et al () indicate that sorption of anionic PFAS may increase due to multivalent cation concentrations via bridging between anionic PFAS and negatively charged surfaces and that seasonal variation of Mg +2 and SO 4 −2 , among other constituents, may contribute to the observed variability of PFAS concentrations in leachate from landfills.…”

Predictive Computational Tools for Assessment of Ecotoxicological Activity of Organic Micropollutants in Various Water Sources in Brazil

“…The increase of chemical pollutants detected in different aquatic environments over the past few years was in the focus of several studies, related to occurrence, transport, fate, and hazards, or risks to human and environmental health . OMPs, also called emerging contaminants, include a wide range of chemical substances extensively used in households and industrial applications, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, endocrine disrupting chemicals, pesticides, surfactants, nanomaterials, metabolites, and their transformation products …”