Malignant rhabdoid tumor in the renal allograft of an adult transplant recipient: a unique case of a rare tumor

Abstract

BackgroundRenal transplant recipients have increased risk for developing malignant diseases because of immunosuppression or donor-to-recipient transmission. Malignant rhabdoid tumor (MRT) is a rare, highly aggressive and lethal tumor primarily affecting the kidney of infants and young children. MRT has not been reported in the renal allograft of an adult recipient after kidney transplantation.Case presentationIn this report, a 47-year-old woman who received a kidney transplantation from an infant donor and developed a mass in the transplanted kidney is presented. Pathological examinations revealed a malignant tumor with rhabdoid cells morphologically and the loss of INI1 expression immunohistochemically. The diagnosis of malignant rhabdoid tumor in the transplanted kidney was made. We confirmed that donor-to-recipient malignancy transmission was the cause of MRT in the transplanted kidney by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and short tandem repeat (STR) analysis.ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first case of MRT in an adult renal allograft recipient. This report highlights the importance of the criteria for selection of donors to screen possible malignant tumors transmission.

Molecularly Confirmed Female Donor-Transmitted Lobular Breast Cancer to Male following Renal Transplantation

“…Pathobiology 2023;90:63-68 DOI: 10.1159/000524479 gins, specifically when donors and recipients were of the opposite sex [15][16][17][18][19]. In the present case, both of the recipient's kidneys had come from female donors.…”

“…The tricolor 18/CEN X/Y FISH probe is indicated to identify trisomies and sex chromosome aneusomies [14]. However, in this report and several more recent studies, FISH was used to identify donor-transmitted cancer origins, specifically when donors and recipients were of the opposite sex [15‒19]. In the present case, both of the recipient’s kidneys had come from female donors.…”

“…However, because all the co-recipients were already deceased, any desire to specify the donor and learn about the causes of death from such donor's recipients was purely academic, as there would be no diagnostic, prognostic, or therapeutic indication for obtaining such information at this point. Despite several methodological uses by pathologists in donor-transmitted and donor-derived cancers, the use of FISH probes to identify X and Y chromosomes remains an off-label usage [15][16][17][18][19]. In this case, it assisted in explaining the extremely rare occurrence of metastatic lobular carcinoma in a male patient.…”

Malignant rhabdoid tumor of a donated kidney in a pediatric transplant recipient: A rare occurrence

“…Xiong et al reported one same case in an adult recipient and confirmed a donor-to-recipient transmission. 5 We suspected our patient might suffer from the same procedure and had undergone a transplantation error. Whether the renal tumor was as part of rhabdoid tumor predisposition syndrome or due to some metastatic cells from CNS tumor is still unclear.…”