Photopolymerized Microfeatures Guide Adult Spiral Ganglion and Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurite Growth

Xu, Honghui; Seline, Alison E.; Leigh, Braden; Ramirez, Mark; Guymon, C. Allan; Hansen, Marlan R.

doi:10.1097/mao.0000000000001622

Cited by 14 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Neural alignment is largely dependent on the sensitivity of neurons to their physicochemical extracellular environment, and biomaterial approaches to mediating alignment has been shown to promote neural regeneration and the re-establishment of neural communication in vivo . Biomimetic interfaces and in particular, anisotropic topographical cues have been extensively investigated in vitro and shown to guide neurite extension, − a phenomenon also observed to increase with feature depth. , …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structure Enhances Neuroelectrode Charge Transfer Capabilities and Modulates Astrocyte Function

Kelly

Farid

Krukiewicz

et al. 2020

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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The brain machine interface (BMI) describes a group of technologies capable of communicating with excitable nervous tissue within the central nervous system (CNS). BMIs have seen major advances in recent years, but these advances have been impeded because of a temporal deterioration in the signal to noise ratio of recording electrodes following insertion into the CNS. This deterioration has been attributed to an intrinsic host tissue response, namely, reactive gliosis, which involves a complex series of immune mediators, resulting in implant encapsulation via the synthesis of proinflammatory signaling molecules and the recruitment of glial cells. There is a clinical need to reduce tissue encapsulation in situ and improve long-term neuroelectrode functionality. Physical modification of the electrode surface at the nanoscale could satisfy these requirements by integrating electrochemical and topographical signals to modulate neural cell behavior. In this study, commercially available platinum iridium (Pt/Ir) microelectrode probes were nanotopographically functionalized using femto/picosecond laser processing to generate laser-induced periodic surface structures (LIPSS). Three different topographies and their physical properties were assessed by scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. The electrochemical properties of these interfaces were investigated using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry. The in vitro response of mixed cortical cultures (embryonic rat E14/E17) was subsequently assessed by confocal microscopy, ELISA, and multiplex protein array analysis. Overall LIPSS features improved the electrochemical properties of the electrodes, promoted cell alignment, and modulated the expression of multiple ion channels involved in key neuronal functions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structure Enhances Neuroelectrode Charge Transfer Capabilities and Modulates Astrocyte Function

Kelly

Farid

Krukiewicz

et al. 2020

ACS Biomater. Sci. Eng.

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“…[ 15 ] In another study with continuous microgrooves and ridges (depth 1 µm) developed with photo‐lithography of methacrylate polymers, reduced nerve alignment was observed when the lateral distance increased from 10 to 50 µm, while neurite orientation improved for deeper pattern depth up to 8 µm. [ 29 ] On a smaller scale, nano ridges with widths ranging between 100 and 800 nm demonstrated preferential nerve growth on the ridges, while the highest alignment was observed on equally spaced ridges and grooves of 200 nm each. [ 30 ] Compared to sharp edge patterns, gradually sloping grooves and ridges were produced, demonstrating that the optimal lateral groove spacing for oriented nerve growth was dependent on the groove depth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anisometric Microstructures to Determine Minimal Critical Physical Cues Required for Neurite Alignment

Vedaraman

Perez-Tirado

Haraszti

et al. 2021

Adv Healthcare Materials

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In nerve regeneration, scaffolds play an important role in providing an artificial extracellular matrix with architectural, mechanical, and biochemical cues to bridge the site of injury. Directed nerve growth is a crucial aspect of nerve repair, often introduced by engineered scaffolds imparting linear tracks. The influence of physical cues, determined by well-defined architectures, has been mainly studied for implantable scaffolds and is usually limited to continuous guiding features. In this report, the potential of short anisometric microelements in inducing aligned neurite extension, their dimensions, and the role of vertical and horizontal distances between them, is investigated. This provides crucial information to create efficient injectable 3D materials with discontinuous, in situ magnetically oriented microstructures, like the Anisogel. By designing and fabricating periodic, anisometric, discreet guidance cues in a high-throughput 2D in vitro platform using two-photon lithography techniques, the authors are able to decipher the minimal guidance cues required for directed nerve growth along the major axis of the microelements. These features determine whether axons grow unidirectionally or cross paths via the open spaces between the elements, which is vital for the design of injectable Anisogels for enhanced nerve repair.

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“…Another limitation of the current study is that the neurons used were derived from neonatal animals yet the target neurons for CI electrodes are mature. Importantly, recent work indicates that neurites from adult SGNs and adult dorsal root ganglion neurons respond to similar topographic features as those used in these studies (L. Xu et al, 2018) lending confidence that such features will prove effective in mature cochleae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Interaction of micropatterned topographical and biochemical cues to direct neurite growth from spiral ganglion neurons

Truong

Leigh

Vecchi

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Functional outcomes with neural prosthetic devices, such as cochlear implants, are limited in part due to physical separation between the stimulating elements and the neurons they stimulate. One strategy to close this gap aims to precisely guide neurite regeneration to position the neurites in closer proximity to electrode arrays. Here, we explore the ability of micropatterned biochemical and topographic guidance cues, singly and in combination, to direct the growth of spiral ganglion neuron (SGN) neurites, the neurons targeted by cochlear implants. Photopolymerization of methacrylate monomers was used to form unidirectional topographical features of ridges and grooves in addition to multidirectional patterns with 90o angle turns. Microcontact printing was also used to create similar uni- and multi-directional patterns of peptides on polymer surfaces. Biochemical cues included peptides that facilitate (laminin, LN) or repel (EphA4-Fc) neurite growth. On flat surfaces, SGN neurites preferentially grew on LN-coated stripes and avoided EphA4-Fc-coated stripes. LN or EphA4-Fc was selectively adsorbed onto the ridges or grooves to test the neurite response to a combination of topographical and biochemical cues. Coating the ridges with EphA4-Fc and grooves with LN lead to enhanced SGN alignment to topographical patterns. Conversely, EphA4-Fc coating on the grooves or LN coating on the ridges tended to disrupt alignment to topographical patterns. SGN neurites respond to combinations of topographical and biochemical cues and surface patterning that leverages both cues enhance guided neurite growth.

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Photopolymerized Microfeatures Guide Adult Spiral Ganglion and Dorsal Root Ganglion Neurite Growth

Abstract: Microscale surface topographic features direct the growth of adult SGN neurites. Topographical features could prove useful for guiding growth of SGN peripheral axons towards a CI electrode array.

Cited by 14 publications

References 53 publications

Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structure Enhances Neuroelectrode Charge Transfer Capabilities and Modulates Astrocyte Function

Laser-Induced Periodic Surface Structure Enhances Neuroelectrode Charge Transfer Capabilities and Modulates Astrocyte Function

Anisometric Microstructures to Determine Minimal Critical Physical Cues Required for Neurite Alignment

Interaction of micropatterned topographical and biochemical cues to direct neurite growth from spiral ganglion neurons

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