Bovine respiratory syncytial virus seroprevalence and risk factors in feedlot cattle from Córdoba and Santa Fe, Argentina

Abstract

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) is one of the causative agents of respiratory disease in cattle all over the world, leading to important economic losses. The aim of this work was to determine the seroprevalence of BRSV in feedlot cattle of Argentina and the risk factors associated with the disease. Results showed a high individual seroprevalence of 78.64% (95% confidence interval adjusted [CI]=66.55-90.75%) against the virus. Positive association was found between the presence of high BRSV neutralizing antibody titers, and the following risk factors: cattle age, source of animals, presence of clinical respiratory signs and herd size. This work contributes to updating the understanding of its epidemiology in Argentinean feedlots and poses the need for reevaluating vaccination strategies against this virus in order to control infection and its impact on productivity.

Seroprevalence and risk factors of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in cattle in the Nineveh Governorate, Iraq

“…We also showed that the prevalence was significantly higher in imported animals than in domestic animals, which may be due to the stress of transportation and different environmental conditions [23]. Our finding of a higher prevalence rate in large herds compared to small ones is in agreement with those of the previous studies [24][25][26][27] and can be explained based on the fact that large numbers of animals in one farm can lead to overcrowding and close contact between animals, facilitating disease spread.…”

Risk factors and genetic characterization of bovine respiratory syncytial virus in the inner Aegean Region, Turkey

“…Literature on the transmission of BRSV reported that the virus is mainly transmitted via aerosols, fomites, direct contact with infected animals, and humans as passive vectors (Norström et al 2000 ; Valarcher and Taylor 2007 ). Infection is more prevalent in the autumn and winter seasons, and intensification practices, environmental stress factors, herd size, and age distribution can influence the occurrence of disease (Van der Poel et al 1994 ; Norström et al 2000 ; Sacco et al 2014 ; Ferella et al 2018 ). Although vaccination and biosecurity are effective methods of preventing BRSV infection, prevalence of infection is higher in developing countries because of the cost of control programs and the absence of information on the risk factors associated with BRSV (Norström et al 2000 ; Saa et al 2012 ; Ferella et al 2018 ).…”

Dynamics of neutralizing antibodies against Bovine respiratory syncytial virus in a dairy herd from Santa Fe Province, Argentina

“…This could be associated, again, with management practices, since at that moment animals were isolated from the rest of the animals, explaining why there was no direct contact between them favoring infection with BRSV. Close contact between animals and crowding conditions are main risk factors that enhance the transmission of BRSV 5 . The concentration of serum antibodies in colostrum is another physiological process that must be considered, as it was documented that cows concentrate in colostrum 10 times the amount of IgG1 present in sera which can lead to a significant drop in serum IgG1.…”

“…Odeón et al 8 reported the presence of antibodies against BRSV mainly in cattle under 12 months of age from Buenos Aires, Corrientes and La Rioja, with a greater spread of the virus in districts with larger movement of animals. Recently, we described the presence of NAs and risk factors associated with BRSV in feedlots from Santa Fe and Córdoba, Argentina 5 . In addition, we demonstrated evidence of the circulation of BRSV by antibody seroconversion in a longitudinal analysis of post-weaned animals from an Argentinian beef herd 12 .…”