The geographic mosaic of Ecuadorian Y-chromosome ancestry

Toscanini, Ulises; Gaviria, A.; Pardo-Seco, Jacobo; Gómez-Carballa, Alberto; Moscoso, F.; Vela, M.; Cobos, S.; Lupero, A.; Zambrano, Ana Karina; Martinón‐Torres, Federico; Carabajo-Marcillo, A.; Yunga-León, R.; Ugalde-Noritz, N.; Ordóñez-Ugalde, Andrés; Salas, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.fsigen.2017.11.011

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Finally, the least frequent haplogroups in our sample, accounting for a total of 1.4%, are derived from the Q-M242* polymorphism, which is confined to the American continent and Amerindian populations (43)(44)(45). Such small contributions of African and, ever more so, of Native American haplogroups are in accordance with Ychromosome data from other European colonies in South America, despite them being the majority in mtDNA studies (46)(47)(48)(49). In fact, previous mtDNA data obtained by Schaan et al (13) for the same samples demonstrated a strong Amerindian (43.5%) and African (37.8%) female component in Northeast Brazil.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

New insights on intercontinental origins of paternal lineages in Northeast Brazil

et al. 2020

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Background: The current Brazilian population is the product of centuries of admixture between intercontinental founding groups. Although previous results have revealed a heterogeneous distribution of mitochondrial lineages in the Northeast region, the most targeted by foreign settlers during the sixteenth century, little is known about the paternal ancestry of this particular population. Considering historical records have documented a series of territorial invasions in the Northeast by various European populations, we aimed to characterize the male lineages found in Brazilian individuals in order to discover to what extent these migrations have influenced the present-day gene pool. Our approach consisted of employing four hierarchical multiplex assays for the investigation of 45 unique event polymorphisms in the non-recombining portion of the Y-chromosome of 280 unrelated men from several Northeast Brazilian states. Results: Primary multiplex results allowed the identification of six major haplogroups, four of which were screened for downstream SNPs and enabled the observation of 19 additional lineages. Results reveal a majority of Western European haplogroups, among which R1b-S116* was the most common (63.9%), corroborating historical records of colonizations by Iberian populations. Nonetheless, F ST genetic distances show similarities between Northeast Brazil and several other European populations, indicating multiple origins of settlers. Regarding Native American ancestry, our findings confirm a strong sexual bias against such haplogroups, which represented only 2.5% of individuals, highly contrasting previous results for maternal lineages. Furthermore, we document the presence of several Middle Eastern and African haplogroups, supporting a complex historical formation of this population and highlighting its uniqueness among other Brazilian regions. Conclusions: We performed a comprehensive analysis of the major Y-chromosome lineages that form the most dynamic migratory region from the Brazilian colonial period. This evidence suggests that the ongoing entry of European, Middle Eastern, and African males in the Brazilian Northeast, since at least 500 years, was significantly responsible for the present-day genetic architecture of this population.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

New insights on intercontinental origins of paternal lineages in Northeast Brazil

et al. 2020

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“…Para el ADN mitocondrial se determinó que pertenecemos a la variante ancestral amerindia A y B (Paz-Y-Miño 2014; Baeta et al 2012;Paz-Y-Miño et al 2016). Mientras que el cromosoma Y muestra las líneas migratorias que van de acuerdo con la parte histórica del Ecuador, eso es el 61% de europeo, 34% nativo y el 5% africano (Sánchez et al 2015;Jota et al 2016;Gaviria et al 2013;Toscanini et al 2018). El análisis de más poblaciones y datos nos permitirá entender mejor otras etnias ecuatorianas y de esta manera relacionar con la prevalencia de distintas enfermedades genéticas.…”

Section: Los Genes Ecuatorianosunclassified

El caminar de los genes y el reloj molecular: Realidad del Ecuador

Paz‐y‐Miño

Zambrano

Leone

2018

REMCB

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La genética convencional y la molecular han acumulado suficientes datos sobre las poblaciones humanas mundiales; por ello, en la actualidad se puede desentrañar el origen fidedigno de cada grupo humano. Una serie de marcadores genéticos han permitido rastrear el origen y la migración humana. STRs, Indels, Mitocondrias, Cromosoma Y, entre los más usados, dan cuenta de la trayectoria de la humanidad y el poblamiento del planeta. La genética moderna nos muestra la composición poblacional de diversas variantes de genes y secuencias no informativas; así permiten hoy entender mejor y hasta clasificar grupos poblacionales como etnias. Aunque, el ADN es el mismo para todos los humanos, secuencias no esenciales muestran diferentes frecuencias de presentación según el grupo étnico. Adicionalmente, a través del estudio de los marcadores genéticos, podemos calcular los tiempos migratorios y el momento del origen y expansión de los humanos; lo que se llama el reloj molecular. Este artículo aborda algunos de los conocimientos actuales en genética poblacional, etnicidad y tiempos genéticos, incluso, presenta datos reales de análisis del ADN.

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“…PC1, which accounts for 22.5% of the variation, is very informative in revealing the close proximity of the mummy's haplotype to a main Peruvian cluster. The neighboring Andean region of Azuay in Ecuador [13], where the predominant Native American language is the Kichwa (Quechua) also falls in this group of samples. PC2, which accounts also for a substantial amount of variation (10.2%) reveals again the proximity of the mummy's haplotype to this Peruvian cluster and to the Bolivian sample sets (Fig.…”

mentioning

confidence: 90%