Severe Disseminated Necrotizing and Granulomatous Lymphadenitis and Encephalitis in a Dog Due toSporotrichum pruinosum(Teleomorph:Phanerochaete chrysosporium)

Abstract

A 9-year-old female mixed breed dog presented for an acute onset of anorexia, vomiting, and cough. Initial examination and diagnostics revealed a large multilobular cranial mediastinal mass with unidentified fungal organisms on cytology. The disease progressed in spite of therapy until the dog was euthanized 8 months later. Gross necropsy findings were a large multilobular intrathoracic mass, mild pleuritis, and generalized lymphadenopathy. Histologic evaluation showed granulomatous inflammation and necrosis with numerous 20- to 70-micron, periodic acid-Schiff- and Gomori methenamine silver-positive spherules effacing lymph node parenchyma, as well as severe inflammation within the midbrain. Endosporulation was a common finding, and large numbers of fungal hyphae were also present in affected areas. Ribosomal RNA gene sequencing found 100% identity to published sequences of Phanerochaete chrysosporium, the teleomorph form of Sporotrichum pruinosum. This is the first published report of disease caused by natural infection with this basidiomycete organism in animals.

Characterisation and outcome of idiopathic pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis in 64 English springer spaniel dogs

“…Multiple agents have been identified to cause pyogranulomatous inflammation, including bacteria [Actinomyces, Bartonella (Pappalardo et al 2000, Pappalardo et al 2001, Saunders & Monroe 2006, Morales et al 2007, Tucker et al 2014, Drut et al 2014, Mycobacterium, Nocardia and Staphylococcus], fungi (Aspergillus, Blastomyces, Coccidioides, Cryptococcus, Histoplasma), oomycetes (Pythium) and protozoa (Neospora, Toxoplasma, Leishmania) (Mylonakis et al 2005, Greene 2012). Other infectious agents associated with granulomatous and pyogranulomatous lymphadenitis have also been recently reported, such as Rhodococcus equi (Bryan et al 2017), Sporotrichum pruinosum (Magstadt et al 2018), Cladosporium cladosporioides-complex (Spano et al 2018), Talaromyces helicus (Tomlinson et al 2011), Chrysosporium species (Cook et al 2016), Scytalidium (Dunlap et al 2015), Paracoccidioides brasiliensis (Headley et al 2017) and circovirus (Li et al 2013).…”

“…), Sporotrichum pruinosum (Magstadt et al . ), Cladosporium cladosporioides‐complex (Spano et al . ), Talaromyces helicus (Tomlinson et al .…”