UPLC-ELSD Analysis of Algal Lipid Classes and Derivatization of Bound and Free Fatty Acids and Sterols for GC-MS Methods

Seppänen‐Laakso, Tuulikki; Nygrén, Heli; Rischer, Heiko

doi:10.1007/7651_2017_109

Cited by 9 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The fatty acid (carbon chain lengths of ≤22) content of the cell biomass was determined according to a previously described protocol . Aliquots (5 mg) of dried cell biomass samples were spiked with internal standards (21.6 μg of glyceryl triheptadecanoate and 5.5 μg of heptadecanoic acid).…”

Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Endotoxin-Free Microbial Biomass for Food Applications by Gas Fermentation of Gram-Positive H₂-Oxidizing Bacteria

Nyyssölä

Ojala

Wuokko

et al. 2021

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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The production of edible microbial biomass in bioreactors is an attractive alternative to agriculture, which is a major consumer of fresh water, an emitter of greenhouse gases, and a cause of eutrophication. This study examines microbial food production by gas fermentation of two endotoxin-free Gram-positive H2-oxidizing autotrophic bacterial strains, Nocardioides nitrophenolicus KGS-27 and Rhodococcus opacus DSM 43205. The supply of the gaseous substrates H2 and O2 by in situ water electrolysis was investigated as an alternative to providing them from an external source. N. nitrophenolicus KGS-27 produced ≤9.9 ± 2.0 mg of biomass L–1 h–1 and was not affected by in situ water electrolysis, which potentially produces growth-inhibiting reactive oxygen species. With R. opacus DSM 43205, in turn, electrolysis slowed growth considerably and resulted in a volumetric productivity of 2.6 ± 0.8 mg of biomass L–1 h–1, which was a quarter of what was obtained with the gases supplied externally. The macromolecular compositions of biomasses produced by the two cultivation modes using the two bacterial strains were rather similar containing approximately 33–37% protein, 28–56% carbohydrates, and 4–5% fatty acids of the cell dry weight. Relatively high protein concentrations and balanced amino acid profiles, comparable to those of casein and soy protein, were achieved with both strains.

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Section: Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of Endotoxin-Free Microbial Biomass for Food Applications by Gas Fermentation of Gram-Positive H₂-Oxidizing Bacteria

Nyyssölä

Ojala

Wuokko

et al. 2021

ACS Food Sci. Technol.

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“…The analysis of the petroleum ether and ethanol extracts of T. aestivum was carried out using a GC-MS method reported by Seppänen-Laakso, Nygren, & Rischer (2017). The derivatization of bound fatty acids (such as glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, and sterol esters) was carried out by transesterification with sodium methoxide.…”

Section: Compositional Analysis Of the Extracts By Gc-msmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of the summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) extracts and a correlation with the chemical constituents identified therein

Marathe

Hamzi

Bashein

et al. 2020

Food Research International

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Development of a high-performance thin-layer chromatography-based method for targeted glycerolipidome profiling of microalgae

Makay,

Griehl,

Grewe

2024

Anal Bioanal Chem

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The conditionally essential very-long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (VLC-PUFAs), such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5 n-3), play a vital role in human nutrition. Their biological activity is thereby greatly influenced by the distinct glycerolipid molecule that they are esterified to. Here, microalgae differ from the conventional source, fish oil, both in quantity and distribution of VLC-PUFAs among the glycerolipidome. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a fast and reliable one-dimensional high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC)-based method that allows the separation and quantification of the main microalgal glycerolipid classes (e.g., monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), sulfoquinovosyl diacylglycerol (SQDG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG)), as well as the subsequent analysis of their respective fatty acid distribution via gas chromatography (GC) coupled to mass spectrometry (MS). Following optimization, method validation was carried out for 13 different lipid classes, based on the International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines. In HPTLC, linearity was effective between 100 and 2100 ng, with a limit of quantification between 62.99 and 90.09 ng depending on the glycerolipid class, with strong correlation coefficients (R2 > 0.995). The recovery varied between 93.17 and 108.12%, while the inter-day precision measurements showed coefficients of variation of less than 8.85%, close to the limit of detection. Applying this method to crude lipid extracts of four EPA producing microalgae of commercial interest, the content of different glycerolipid classes was assessed together with the respective FA distribution subsequent to band elution. The results showed that the described precise and accurate HPTLC method offers the possibility to be used routinely to follow variations in the glycerolipid class levels throughout strain screening, cultivation, or bioprocessing. Thus, additional quantitative analytical information on the complex lipidome of microalgae can be obtained, especially for n-3 and n-6 enriched lipid fractions. Graphical Abstract

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UPLC-ELSD Analysis of Algal Lipid Classes and Derivatization of Bound and Free Fatty Acids and Sterols for GC-MS Methods

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Production of Endotoxin-Free Microbial Biomass for Food Applications by Gas Fermentation of Gram-Positive H₂-Oxidizing Bacteria

Production of Endotoxin-Free Microbial Biomass for Food Applications by Gas Fermentation of Gram-Positive H₂-Oxidizing Bacteria

Anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of the summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) extracts and a correlation with the chemical constituents identified therein

Development of a high-performance thin-layer chromatography-based method for targeted glycerolipidome profiling of microalgae

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UPLC-ELSD Analysis of Algal Lipid Classes and Derivatization of Bound and Free Fatty Acids and Sterols for GC-MS Methods

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

Production of Endotoxin-Free Microbial Biomass for Food Applications by Gas Fermentation of Gram-Positive H2-Oxidizing Bacteria

Production of Endotoxin-Free Microbial Biomass for Food Applications by Gas Fermentation of Gram-Positive H2-Oxidizing Bacteria

Anti-angiogenic and anti-inflammatory activity of the summer truffle (Tuber aestivum Vittad.) extracts and a correlation with the chemical constituents identified therein

Development of a high-performance thin-layer chromatography-based method for targeted glycerolipidome profiling of microalgae

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Production of Endotoxin-Free Microbial Biomass for Food Applications by Gas Fermentation of Gram-Positive H₂-Oxidizing Bacteria

Production of Endotoxin-Free Microbial Biomass for Food Applications by Gas Fermentation of Gram-Positive H₂-Oxidizing Bacteria