Prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Pereira, Lara Souza; Monyror, John; Almeida, Fabiana Tolentino; Almeida, Fernanda R.; Guerra, Eliete Neves Silva; Flores-Mir, Carlos; Pachêco‐Pereira, Camila

doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2017.06.001

Cited by 111 publications

(86 citation statements)

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“…The selected sample consisted of six cases of grade 1 (42.9%), three cases of grade 2 (21.4%), three cases of grade 3 (21.4%), and two cases of grade 4 (14.3%), based on the distribution of the Parikh grading system classification [8]. The prevalence of AH in the present study was 36%, which is very similar to the percentage prevalent in the pediatric population, 34.46% [15]. Converting the sample to a clinical classification as non-enlarged (Grades 1 and 2) and enlarged (grades 3 and 4), the sample ended up having 9 cases in the nonenlarged group with a mean age of 10.22 years (SD 3.25) and 5 cases in the enlarged group with a mean age of 11.31 (SD 2.63).…”

Section: Dicom Samplingsupporting

confidence: 68%

Development, validation and application of a 3D printed model depicting adenoid hypertrophy in comparison to a Nasoendoscopy

et al. 2020

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Background: The exploration of tridimensional (3D) technology of computational tomography and the development of valid 3D printed models may improve the assessment of adenoid obstruction. The identification of an enlarged adenoid in childhood would streamline the referral of appropriately selected cases to an otolaryngologist, leading to early treatment of affected children when indicated. The objective of this study is to validate the use of a 3D printed model depicting adenoid hypertrophy based on the pediatric otolaryngologist, head and neck surgeon (OHNS) participants assessment. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to develop and validate 3D depictions, including print-outs, of the nasopharynx including different degrees of Adenoidal Hypertrophy (AH). The print-outs were obtained from 14 Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans of 14 children (12 boys, 2 girls; mean age of 10.61 years) representing grades 1, 2, 3, and 4 nasopharyngeal adenoidal obstructions, according to a previously Nasoendoscopy-graded (NE) classification by a licensed OHNS. The prevalence of AH in this study was 36%. Two OHNS were recruited to assess the print-outs representing two different representations of the nasopharyngeal airway, the lumen (LU) and adenoid mass (AD). LU and AD were visualized in 2D -pictures-and in 3Dprinted prototypes. Intraclass correlation was used to assess intra-and inter-reliability. The validity of our depictions was analyzed through comparison (accuracy and correlation) to the reference standard (NE). The data were clustered to calculate the sensitivity (Se), specificity (Sp), positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV). Cross-tab and Pearson's T-test were performed. Results: Overall, the 3D depiction tools showed different diagnostic capabilities. AD representations showed strong (AD 2D, 75%) to almost perfect (AD 3D, 88%) accuracy compared to NE. Excellent sensitivity and specificity were observed for the AD 3D (100, 70%), as well as adequate PPV and NPV (66 and 97% respectively), with only 5% of false-negative cases. Conclusion: The use of Dolphin software for the acquisition of a 3D printed prototype of the nasopharyngeal adenoidal region seems promising. These prototypes may be a practical and readily available alternative for the assessment of the nasopharyngeal obstructed area. CBCT in children must be taken under strong solid indications. Early referral to an OHNS for a full assessment remains the main objective in children with unclear symptoms.

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Section: Dicom Samplingsupporting

confidence: 68%

Development, validation and application of a 3D printed model depicting adenoid hypertrophy in comparison to a Nasoendoscopy

et al. 2020

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“…228 In addition, when feasible, the severity of AH can usually be adequately assessed by the nasopharyngolaryngoscope exam. 229 Complications include acute and recurrent otitis, otitis media with effusion, hypoacusia, altered speech development, and sleep-disordered breathing. Prolonged mouth breathing may lead to defective dental growth and facial bone development.…”

Section: Differential Diagnosis Of Rhinitismentioning

confidence: 99%

Rhinitis 2020: A practice parameter update

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2020

Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology

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“…Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a common disorder in the pediatric population, especially in preschool‐aged children. According to a recent meta‐analysis, its prevalence in children and adolescents is 34.46% . Enlarged adenoids cause a posterior nasal obstruction, which leads to typical symptoms, such as mouth breathing, speech anomalies, snoring, and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA), as well as recurrent respiratory infections (RRI) …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to a recent meta-analysis, its prevalence in children and adolescents is 34.46%. 1 Enlarged adenoids cause a posterior nasal obstruction, which leads to typical symptoms, such as mouth breathing, speech anomalies, snoring, and obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSA), as well as recurrent respiratory infections (RRI). 2,3 Using Andersen's saccharine test, several studies confirmed that prolonged nasal mucociliary clearance time (MCT) in pediatric patients with AH was significantly improved after adenoidectomy or adenotonsillectomy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ciliary beat frequency in children with adenoid hypertrophy

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Ďurdík

Jeseňák

et al. 2020

Pediatric Pulmonology

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Background Children with adenoid hypertrophy (AH) have impaired respiratory system defense mechanisms, such as mucociliary clearance. We hypothesized that AH negatively affects one of the most important aspects of mucociliary clearance—ciliary beat frequency (CBF) and that adenoidectomy could potentially restore this essential defence mechanism of the airways. This study evaluated the influence of AH and endoscopic adenoidectomy on the CBF of the nasal respiratory epithelium in children. Methods This prospective study included 64 children with confirmed AH aged 3 to 18 years and 43 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Nasal CBF was analyzed using a digital high‐speed video microscope and the software application Ciliary Analysis (NI LabVIEW). The preoperative adenoid size was assessed according to Cassano. Clinical symptoms of chronic rhinosinusitis were evaluated using the SNOT‐20 questionnaire. Results Children with AH had a median CBF of 5.35 ± 1.06 Hz. Six months after surgery, the median CBF was significantly higher (6.48 ± 0.88 Hz; P < .001) and reached the values of healthy children (6.37 ± 0.71 Hz; P = .512). The size of the adenoid tissue did not correlate with the CBF. No influence of age or gender on the CBF was found. After adenoidectomy, a significant reduction of the mean total SNOT‐20 score was recorded (P < .01). Conclusion Children with clinically symptomatic AH have impaired mucociliary clearance due to decreased nasal CBF. Removal of hypertrophic adenoid tissue normalizes the CBF and reduces the presence of clinical symptoms of rhinosinusitis.

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Prevalence of adenoid hypertrophy: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Cited by 111 publications

References 35 publications

Development, validation and application of a 3D printed model depicting adenoid hypertrophy in comparison to a Nasoendoscopy

Development, validation and application of a 3D printed model depicting adenoid hypertrophy in comparison to a Nasoendoscopy

Rhinitis 2020: A practice parameter update

Ciliary beat frequency in children with adenoid hypertrophy

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