“…Numerous studies have already proven the importance and benefits of using the human anti-sand fly saliva antibody response as a marker of vector exposure ( Rohousova et al, 2005 , Rohousova et al, 2018 , Souza et al, 2010 , Teixeira et al, 2010 , Marzouki et al, 2015 , Mondragon-Shem et al, 2015 , Kammoun-Rebai et al, 2017 ). All of these studies used extract, lysate or homogenate of salivary glands as an antigen to detect the anti-saliva antibodies.…”