Global, Regional and National Burden of Prostate Cancer, 1990 to 2015: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Pishgar, Farhad; Ebrahimi, Hedyeh; Moghaddam, Sahar Saeedi; Fitzmaurice, Christina; Amini, Erfan

doi:10.1016/j.juro.2017.10.044

Cited by 82 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…The Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) assessed the burden of 354 diseases and injuries globally and in different countries from various perspectives, and it has helped policymakers to evaluate the burden of diseases and allocate the limited resources of the health care system accordingly . A previous study estimated the incidence and disease burden of PC from 1990 to 2015 with the original index from the GBD 2015 . On the basis of the GBD 2017, which incorporated major data additions and improved statistical methods, the current study was aimed at examining the epidemiological patterns of PC at multiple levels with more calculated indicators and more intuitive results.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and disease burden of prostate cancer from 1990 to 2017: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Zhai

Zheng

et al. 2020

Cancer

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BACKGROUND: The patterns of the incidence and mortality of prostate cancer (PC) have been changing over the years. In addition, the unclear etiology of PC necessitates further studies into the geographic distribution and age composition of patients with PC. This study was aimed at examining the patterns of the epidemiology of PC to help policymakers to allocate the limited resources of the health care system accordingly. METHODS: Annual case data and age-standardized rates (ASRs) were obtained for the incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) of PC according to age from 1990 to 2017 and for 21 regions, including 195 countries and territories. The estimated annual percentage changes (EAPCs) of ASRs were calculated to evaluate the incidence and mortality trends of PC. RESULTS: Worldwide, the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) of PC increased from 30.5 cases per 100,000 population in 1990 to 37.9 cases per 100,000 population in 2017 with an EAPC of 0.59 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.49-0.7), whereas the mortality decreased with an EAPC of −0.73 (95% CI, −0.80 to −0.67). The ASIR was positively associated with the sociodemographic index (SDI) in most regions, and the increase in the ASIR was steeper with a higher SDI. The proportion of patients younger than 65 years increased from 23.6% in 1990 to 27.3% in 2017. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of PC has been increasing globally, whereas its mortality and DALYs have been decreasing. These trends are particularly significant in developed regions and vary across geographic regions. Adjustments to the medical strategy by governments and medical institutions are required.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Incidence and disease burden of prostate cancer from 1990 to 2017: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Zhai

Zheng

et al. 2020

Cancer

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“…The average life expectancy of the male population increased in the same period from 66.9 to 79.1 years and a further rise is expected. This leads to the second hypothesis: family cases could be increasingly diluted by a high number of sporadic cases due to the higher age of the population and improved screening methods [18]. A family anamnesis should therefore not only focus on the number and age of affected relatives, but also consider both the number and age of healthy relatives to avoid misclassification of the patient as not being affected by familial predisposition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of a Changing Population Structure and Clustering of Cancer in Prostate Cancer Patients Depending on a First-Degree Family History

et al. 2019

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Introduction: In the last century, there have been major changes within the population structure in Germany. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of a changing population structure on identification of familial prostate cancer (PCa), and to investigate how many and which types of other cancers have occurred in patients and their first-degree relatives. Materials and Methods: A total of 19,540 patients were evaluated in a prospectively collected PCa family database and divided into four birth cohorts: 1925-1934 (cohort A), 1935-1944 (cohort B), 1945-1954 (cohort C), and 1955-1964 (cohort D). Other primary cancers and cancers of first-degree relatives were evaluated. Results: The percentage of PCa patients with ≥2 sons declined (A: 28.9% to D: 21.6%). The percentage of patients whose fathers lived for ≥65 years increased (B: 64.2% to D: 73.0%). Malignancies of the skin, the urinary tract, and the lymphoid/hematopoietic tissue were more common in patients with a positive firstdegree PCa family history and their first-degree relatives. Ad-ditionally, first-degree relatives reported more often neoplasms of respiratory/intrathoracic organs and the female breast. Conclusions: A small family size, an early deceased father, and a high number of sporadic cases complicate the identification of familial PCa patients. Thus, a detailed family history should also include unaffected first-degree relatives to avoid any misclassification. Findings of other primary cancers in patients and their relatives warrant further investigation.

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“…In the United States, estimated new cases of prostate cancer (PCa) are more than 190 000 men (the leading in male cancer) and deaths are more than 33 000 men (the second leading in male cancer) in 2020 1 . Whereas the prognosis for localized PCa is extremely good, PCa with distant metastases at diagnosis will acquire treatment resistance in several years 2 . The prognosis of metastatic PCa (mPCa) remains poor, although several therapeutic approaches have been developed 3‐6 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prognostic value of an inflammatory index for patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer

et al. 2020

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Background The inflammatory process has been reported to be involved in the formation and progression of various types of cancer. Recently, a peripheral inflammatory index, combining the derived neutrophils/(leukocytes minus neutrophils) ratio (dNLR) and the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, was proposed as a useful prognostic marker in advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer. The prognostic value of inflammatory markers in prostate cancer has not been established. We aimed to validate the prognostic significance of this peripheral inflammatory index in metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Methods Clinical data of 196 mCRPC patients were retrospectively collected from multiple institutions. Clinical factors and inflammatory markers at the development of CRPC, including white blood cell count, absolute neutrophil count, dNLR, neutrophil‐lymphocyte ratio, platelet‐lymphocyte ratio, C‐reactive protein (CRP), and LDH levels, were evaluated. The patients were classified into three groups based on the inflammatory index: Good (low dNLR and LDH), Intermediate (high dNLR or LDH), and Poor (high dNLR and LDH). Overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival after CRPC were analyzed using Cox proportional hazard models and Kaplan‐Meier methods. Results The median age and baseline prostate‐specific antigen level were 75 years and 397.15 ng/mL, respectively. On multivariate analysis, dNLR (≥1.51; hazard ratio [HR] = 1.624; P = .0173), LDH (≥upper limit of normal; HR = 2.065; P = .0004), alkaline phosphatase (≥310 U/L; HR = 2.546; P < .0001), and positive N stage (HR = 1.621; P = .048) were associated with poor OS after CRPC, whereas other inflammatory markers including the NLR were not. The Good inflammatory index group showed significantly longer OS after CRPC compared to the Intermediate and Poor groups, with median survivals of 46.2, 28.9, and 16.6 months, respectively. Conclusions The novel inflammatory index combining dNLR and LDH was a useful prognostic parameter in patients with mCRPC. Our analysis suggested that dNLR emerged as a more valuable prognostic marker than NLR.

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Global, Regional and National Burden of Prostate Cancer, 1990 to 2015: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Cited by 82 publications

References 19 publications

Incidence and disease burden of prostate cancer from 1990 to 2017: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Incidence and disease burden of prostate cancer from 1990 to 2017: Results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017

Impact of a Changing Population Structure and Clustering of Cancer in Prostate Cancer Patients Depending on a First-Degree Family History

Prognostic value of an inflammatory index for patients with metastatic castration‐resistant prostate cancer

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