Assessment of Pathological Traits in DSM-5 Personality Disorders By the DAPP-BQ: How Do These Traits Relate to the Six Personality Disorder Types of the Alternative Model?

Abstract

The six personality disorder (PD) types in DSM-5 section III are intended to resemble their DSM-IV/DSM-5 section II PD counterparts, but are now described by the level of personality functioning (criterion A) and an assigned trait profile (criterion B). However, concerns have been raised about the validity of these PD types. The present study examined the continuity between the DSM-IV/DSM-5 section II PDs and the corresponding trait profiles of the six DSM-5 section III PDs in a sample of 350 Dutch psychiatric patients. Facets of the Dimensional Assessment of Personality Pathology-Basic Questionnaire (DAPP-BQ) were presumed as representations (proxies) of the DSM-5 section III traits. Correlational patterns between the DAPP-BQ and the six PDs were consistent with previous research between DAPP-BQ and DSM-IV PDs. Moreover, DAPP-BQ proxies were able to predict the six selected PDs. However, the assigned trait profile for each PD didn't fully match the corresponding PD.

Prognostic Value of Pathological Personality Traits for Treatment Outcome in Anxiety and Depressive Disorders

“…First, personality pathology is a broad concept, which could also include other definitions such as psychodynamic functioning, personality organization, coping styles, attachment constructs, and so on. Although the DAPP-SF is based on 18 empirically sound factors ( Livesley, 1998 ; Livesley et al, 1989 ) and increasingly used as a proxy measure for the Alternative DSM-5 model of personality disorders B-criterium personality traits ( Berghuis et al, 2019 ), caution is warranted when generalizations are made to other realms of personality. Second, with the current study design, causality between PPT and baseline symptom level was assumed but could not be formally analyzed because both were measured at the same time point.…”

“…The DAPP also demonstrated a considerable overlap in pathological personality traits (PPTs) with other relevant scales such as the Neuroticism-extraversion-openness (NEO) Personality Inventory ( Clark et al, 2002 ), Personality Inventory for DSM-5 ( Gutiérrez et al, 2020 ; Van den Broeck et al, 2014 ), Schedule for Nonadaptive and Adaptive Personality ( Pryor et al, 2009 ), and Severity Indices of Personality Functioning ( Berghuis et al, 2014 ; Rossi et al, 2017 ). Moreover, the identified PPTs are often used as a proxy measure of the Alternative DSM-5 model of personality disorders B-criterium personality traits ( Berghuis et al, 2019 ).…”

Individual psychotherapy for cluster-C personality disorders: protocol of a pragmatic RCT comparing short-term psychodynamic supportive psychotherapy, affect phobia therapy and schema therapy (I-FORCE)

“…To ensure quality of data collection of the AVPDSI, DEPDSI and OCPDSI, assessors will be trained, and all measurements will be audiotaped. Inventory of Personality Organisation Short Form (IPO-16-NL, [ 14 ]). The IPO-16-NL is the Dutch short version of the IPO-83 [ 21 ].…”

“…Inventory of Personality Organisation Short Form (IPO-16-NL, [ 14 ]). The IPO-16-NL is the Dutch short version of the IPO-83 [ 21 ].…”

Narcissistic Personality Disorder: Are Psychodynamic Theories and the Alternative DSM-5 Model for Personality Disorders Finally Going to Meet?

“…Clinicians and researchers can also adopt the new AMPD approach described in section III to assess patients' level of personality functioning and their unique trait profile. The assessment then consists of a mixture of clinical evaluation and the use of standardized instruments (Skodol et al, 2014b;Berghuis et al, 2017). In the AMPD, each personality disorder is characterized by a specific pattern of personality disfunctions and traits.…”