Impact of antiviral prophylaxis in adults Epstein-Barr Virus-seronegative kidney recipients on early and late post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder onset: a retrospective cohort study

Ville, Simon; Imbert-Marcille, Berthe-Marie; Coste‐Burel, Marianne; Garandeau, Claire F.; Meurette, Aurélie; Cantarovitch, Diego; Giral, Magali; Hourmant, Maryvonne; Blancho, Gilles; Dantal, Jacques

doi:10.1111/tri.13085

Cited by 26 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…It has been proposed that mTOR inhibitors, such as sirolimus, may be efficacious at preventing or treating PTLD, especially when combined with PI3K inhibitors, based on in vitro studies (El‐Salem et al , ; Vaysberg et al , ; Furukawa et al , ). Anti‐viral therapies, such as ganciclovir and valganciclovir, are commonly used as prophylaxis or treatment of CMV and, although they only inhibit lytic viral replication, may have a role in preventing primary EBV infection; however, data on their efficacy are mixed (Al Dabbagh et al , ; Ville et al , ). Similarly, intravenous immunoglobulin, which can be used as general infectious prophylaxis and can harbour some degree of non‐specific anti‐EBV immunoglobulins, is also not effective at preventing PTLD (Choquet, ).…”

Section: Prevention Surveillance and Pre‐emptive Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders

et al. 2018

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The post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms that are one of the most serious complications of bone marrow and solid organ transplants. Because these disorders are rare, there are no randomized trials from which to derive optimal treatment. Management can be challenging and must balance the goal of PTLD eradication with the risks of graft rejection, graft-versus-host disease, further delays in immune reconstitution and life-threatening infections, among others. This paper will provide a comprehensive review of PTLD following solid organ transplant and haematopoietic stem cell transplant with a focus on management. Included is a discussion of novel agents that are being studied in clinical trials and, when combined or sequenced with conventional therapy, have the potential to improve outcomes.

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Section: Prevention Surveillance and Pre‐emptive Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Management of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders

et al. 2018

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“…The impact of antiviral drugs used to prevent HCMV disease was investigated in a monocentric retrospective cohort of 73 adult kidney or kidney-pancreas EBV-seronegative recipients, transplanted between January 2000 and January 2016 [36]. Thirty-seven (50.7%, prophylaxis group) received valacyclovir or valganciclovir for 3–6 months and 36 (49.3%, no-prophylaxis group) received no antivirals with mean follow-up times of 69 months (prophylaxis group) and 91 months (no-prophylaxis group).…”

Section: Antivirals Against Ebv Evaluated In the Clinicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Therapeutics for Epstein–Barr Virus

2019

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Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) is a human γ-herpesvirus that infects up to 95% of the adult population. Primary EBV infection usually occurs during childhood and is generally asymptomatic, though the virus can cause infectious mononucleosis in 35–50% of the cases when infection occurs later in life. EBV infects mainly B-cells and epithelial cells, establishing latency in resting memory B-cells and possibly also in epithelial cells. EBV is recognized as an oncogenic virus but in immunocompetent hosts, EBV reactivation is controlled by the immune response preventing transformation in vivo. Under immunosuppression, regardless of the cause, the immune system can lose control of EBV replication, which may result in the appearance of neoplasms. The primary malignancies related to EBV are B-cell lymphomas and nasopharyngeal carcinoma, which reflects the primary cell targets of viral infection in vivo. Although a number of antivirals were proven to inhibit EBV replication in vitro, they had limited success in the clinic and to date no antiviral drug has been approved for the treatment of EBV infections. We review here the antiviral drugs that have been evaluated in the clinic to treat EBV infections and discuss novel molecules with anti-EBV activity under investigation as well as new strategies to treat EBV-related diseases.

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“…In a retrospective cohort study, the impact of antiviral prophylaxis (given to prevent human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) disease) in 73 EBV-seronegative adult kidney recipients on early and late PTLD onset was analyzed [ 16 ]. Thirty-seven patients received VACV or VGCV for 3–6 months and 36 received no-prophylaxis.…”

Section: Ganciclovir and Valgancyclovirmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antiviral Drugs for EBV

Pagano

Whitehurst

Andrei

2018

Cancers

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Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) infects up to 95% of the adult human population, with primary infection typically occurring during childhood and usually asymptomatic. However, EBV can cause infectious mononucleosis in approximately 35–50% cases when infection occurs during adolescence and early adulthood. Epstein–Barr virus is also associated with several B-cell malignancies including Burkitt lymphoma, Hodgkin lymphoma, and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease. A number of antiviral drugs have proven to be effective inhibitors of EBV replication, yet have resulted in limited success clinically, and none of them has been approved for treatment of EBV infections.

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Impact of antiviral prophylaxis in adults Epstein-Barr Virus-seronegative kidney recipients on early and late post-transplantation lymphoproliferative disorder onset: a retrospective cohort study

Cited by 26 publications

References 35 publications

Management of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders

Management of post‐transplant lymphoproliferative disorders

Novel Therapeutics for Epstein–Barr Virus

Antiviral Drugs for EBV

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