Prevalence and impact of asthma among school-aged students in Lima, Peru

Martin, Melissa; Sauer, Theodor C.; Alarcon, Jorge A.; Viñoles, José; Walter, Eric C.; Ton, Thanh G.N.; Zunt, Joseph R.

doi:10.5588/ijtld.17.0282

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

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“…The estimate of self-reported asthma in this study is also greater than an estimate (14.6%) reported in a recent study among university students in Kuwait [ 15 ]. Additionally, prevalence estimate (20.5%) of self-reported asthma among high school students in this study was fairly comparable with the estimates reported among high-school students in Saudi Arabia (18.5%) [ 19 ], Lebanon (19.5%) [ 12 ], Virginia, USA (16%) [ 20 ], Lima, Peru (16.7%) [ 21 ], and much higher than a prevalence (10.7%) estimated among 6–15 years old 23,044 Japanese students based on ISAAC criteria [ 22 ]. Across Latin American countries, a wide variation in one-year prevalence of self-reported asthma diagnosed based on ISAAC criteria was recorded.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and prevalence of asthma among adolescents in a middle eastern country

et al. 2020

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Background: There is increasing evidence linking environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure at homes to the development of asthma among adolescents. Few studies have addressed this issue in the Middle Eastern countries including Kuwait. Therefore, this cross-sectional study assessed the prevalence of ETS exposure at home, prevalence of asthma and other respiratory conditions and examined the ETS exposure at home and personal tobacco smoking as risk factors for self-reported asthma among high-school students in Kuwait. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled participants from nine high-schools of Hawally Governorate of Kuwait during October 2015. We adapted a previously validated self-administered questionnaire for data collection. Prevalence of self-reported asthma and ETS exposure (≥ 1 smoker at home vs. none) were computed. The association between exposures of interest and self-reported asthma status was examined using a multivariable logbinomial regression model. Results: Of 800 enrolled participants, 746 (92.2%) consented and completed the questionnaire. The participants with mean (SD) age of 16.8 (0.68) years were predominantly Kuwaiti (74.8%) and female (50.1%). The prevalence of ETS exposure at home and personal current smoking was 54 and 12.4% respectively. Self-reported asthma prevalence was 20.5%. Furthermore, the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma, wheezing during the last 12 months and wheezing 'ever' was 16.4, 20.1 and 26.2%, respectively. Fitted multivariable log-binomial regression model revealed that compared with the non-asthmatic, participants with self-reported asthma tended to be current smokers (adjusted prevalence ratio (adjusted PR) = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.30-2.56; p = 0.001) or have had ETS exposure at home (adjusted PR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.21-2.23; p = 0.002). Conclusions: We recorded a high prevalence of ETS exposure at home, high prevalence of self-reported asthma and identified ETS exposure at home and being a current smoker as strong risk factors for self-reported asthma among adolescents. Voluntary household smoking bans may substantially minimize the ETS exposure among adolescents. Additionally, such restriction may inculcate an antismoking attitude and prevent smoking initiation among adolescents. Such efforts may bring about reduction in ETS exposure and associated asthma risk and other smoking-related morbidities in this and other similar settings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and prevalence of asthma among adolescents in a middle eastern country

et al. 2020

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“…A multivariable log-binomial regression model showed that compared to adolescents without asthma, adolescents with asthma tended to be current smokers (adjusted PR = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.30 -2.56; p = 0.001) or signi cantly more likely to have had ETS exposure at home (adjusted PR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.21 -2.23; p = 0.002) after adjusting for the effects of age, sex and total family monthly income ( [8,9]. Additionally, prevalence estimate (20.5%) of self-reported asthma among high school students in this study was fairly comparable with the estimates reported among high-school students in Saudi Arabia (18.5%) [19], Lebanon (19.5%) [12], Virginia, USA (16%) [20], Lima, Peru (16.7%) [21], and much higher than a prevalence (10.7%) estimated among 6-15 years old 23,044 Japanese students based on ISAAC criteria [22]. Across Latin American countries, a wide variation in one-year prevalence of self-reported asthma diagnosed based on ISAAC criteria was recorded, which ranged from 6-28% among adolescents (13-14 years) and 7-27% among children (6-7 years) [23], with some countries registered higher estimates than the one in the present study.…”

Section: Univariable and Multivariable Log-binomial Regression Modelssupporting

confidence: 74%

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and prevalence of asthma among adolescents in a Middle Eastern country

Booalayan

Abdulrasool

Al-Shanfari

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: There is increasing evidence linking exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) at homes to the development of asthma among adolescents. Few studies have addressed this issue in the Middle Eastern countries including Kuwait. Therefore, this study cross-sectional assessed the prevalence of ETS exposure at home, prevalence of asthma and other respiratory morbid conditions and examined the ETS exposure and personal smoking status as risk factors for self-reported asthma among high-school students in Kuwait. Methods: During October 2015, a cross-sectional study design was implemented using a self-administered modified version of the ISAAC (International study of asthma and allergies in childhood) questionnaire among students enrolled in nine high-schools of Hawally Governorate of Kuwait. Prevalence of ETS exposure and self-reported asthma were computed. Multivariable log-binomial regression models were used to evaluate association between exposures of interest and self-reported asthma status. Results: Of 800 invited students, 746 (92.2%) participated, of whom 74.8% were Kuwaiti and 50.1% were female with a mean (SD) age of 16.8 (0.68) years. ETS exposure prevalence at home was 54% and personal current smoking was 12.4%. Self-reported asthma prevalence was 20.5%. Furthermore, the prevalence of physician-diagnosed asthma, wheezing during the last 12 months and wheezing ‘ever’ was 16.4%, 20.1% and 26.2%, respectively. Final multivariable log-binomial regression model showed that compared to the adolescents without asthma, adolescents with self-reported asthma tended to be current smokers (adjusted prevalence ratio (adjusted PR) = 1.82; 95% CI: 1.30 – 2.56; p = 0.001) or significantly more likely to have had ETS exposure at home (adjusted PR = 1.64; 95% CI: 1.21 – 2.23; p = 0.002). Conclusions: We recorded high prevalence of ETS exposure at home, high prevalence of self-reported asthma and identified ETS exposure at home and being a current smoker as strong risk factors for self-reported asthma among adolescents. Voluntary household smoking bans may substantially minimize the ETS exposure among adolescents. Additionally, such restriction may inculcate an antismoking attitude and prevent smoking initiation among adolescents. Such efforts are likely to pay dividends in terms of reduction in ETS exposure and associated asthma risk and other smoking-related morbidities in this and other similar settings.

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“…Children living in urban areas are at higher risk of developing asthma and have increased asthma morbidity. Increased asthma prevalence and morbidity in urban communities have been observed across North America and Europe as well as in Asian, African, and South American countries 1–9 . In the United States (US), the terms urban and inner city refer to centrally located neighborhoods, often in historic cities, characterized by concentrated poverty and predominantly racial and ethnic minority populations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increased asthma prevalence and morbidity in urban communities have been observed across North America and Europe as well as in Asian, African, and South American countries. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] In the United States (US), the terms urban and inner city refer to centrally located neighborhoods, often in historic cities, characterized by concentrated poverty and predominantly racial and ethnic minority populations. In 1991, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) began funding research aimed at addressing the increased asthma burden in inner cities.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The influence of urban exposures and residence on childhood asthma

Grant

Wood

2022

Pediatric Allergy Immunology

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Children with asthma who live in urban neighborhoods experience a disproportionately high asthma burden, with increased incident asthma and increased asthma symptoms, exacerbations, and acute visits and hospitalizations for asthma. There are multiple urban exposures that contribute to pediatric asthma morbidity, including exposure to pest allergens, mold, endotoxin, and indoor and outdoor air pollution. Children living in urban neighborhoods also experience inequities in social determinants of health, such as increased poverty, substandard housing quality, increased rates of obesity, and increased chronic stress. These disparities then in turn can increase the risk of urban exposures and compound asthma morbidity as poor housing repair is a risk factor for pest infestation and mold exposure and poverty is a risk factor for exposure to air pollution. Environmental interventions to reduce in‐home allergen concentrations have yielded inconsistent results. Population‐level interventions including smoking bans in public places and legislation to decrease traffic‐related air pollution have been successful at reducing asthma morbidity and improving lung function growth. Given the interface and synergy between urban exposures and social determinants of health, it is likely population and community‐level changes will be needed to decrease the excess asthma burden in children living in urban neighborhoods.

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Prevalence and impact of asthma among school-aged students in Lima, Peru

Abstract: We found a high prevalence of self-reported asthma and high morbidity related to asthma symptoms in the previous 12 months among the study cohort. Symptoms were poorly controlled due to limited availability of medication and access to medical services.

Cited by 9 publications

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Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and prevalence of asthma among adolescents in a middle eastern country

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and prevalence of asthma among adolescents in a middle eastern country

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and prevalence of asthma among adolescents in a Middle Eastern country

The influence of urban exposures and residence on childhood asthma

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