Pertussis and Pertussis like Illness: Pediatric Experience in Oman

Maani, Amal Al; Qayoudhi, Abdullah Al; Nazir, Hanan; Omar, Heba; Jardani, Amina Al; Muharrmi, Zakariya Al; Wali, Yasser

doi:10.5001/omj.2017.75

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(8 reference statements)

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“…In addition, the rate of HRV, SP, HI and Pinf-3 infections was also high in pertussis-like syndrome. Amal Al Maani compared pertussis and pertussis-like illness in Oman and found there was no significant difference in clinical criteria between them [11]. In our study, no children had pertussis encephalopathy or pulmonary arterial hypertension and there was no significant difference in other clinical manifestations between the pertussis-like group and the B. pertussis group.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Pathogen analysis of pertussis-like syndrome in children

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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Background: The aim of the study was to identify the pathogens, in addition to bordetella pertussis (B. pertussis), which cause pertussis-like syndrome in children and to compare clinical presentation between those with B. pertussis and pertussis-like syndrome. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted from March 2016 to September 2018. In total, 281 children with suspected pertussis infections were enrolled in this study. Multi-pathogen detection was performed. Results: In total, 281 children were enrolled including 139 males and 142 females. Among them, 149 (53.0%) were B. pertussis positive, and 72 (15.6%) children tested positive for other pathogens. Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP, 27 cases) was the most common causative pathogen in pertussis-like syndrome, followed by human rhinovirus (HRV, 23 cases), Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP, 13 cases), Haemophilus influenzae (HI, 12 cases) and parainfluenza virus 3 (Pinf-3, 9 cases). Children in the B. pertussis group had a higher rate of vaccination and longer hospital stay (P < 0.05). B. pertussis was more likely to be detected in winter than other pathogens, but this difference was not significant (P = 0.074). The number of white blood cells, neutrophils and blood platelets was significantly higher in children in the B. pertussis than in the pertussis-like group (P < 0.05). In addition, the percentage of CD3-CD19+ cells was significantly higher in the B. pertussis group (P = 0.018). Conclusion: About half of the children with pertussis-like syndrome were B. pertussis positive. MP was the second most common causative pathogen followed by HRV, SP, HI and Pinf-3. Children infected with B. pertussis had longer hospital stay and higher numbers of white blood cells, neutrophil and blood platelets compared with other pathogens.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

Pathogen analysis of pertussis-like syndrome in children

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

BMC Infect Dis

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“…The incidence of pertussis in Oman was reported to be 21 cases per 100,000 population between 2011 and 2015, with 90% of cases aged <6 months (Al Hanshi et al, 2014). Despite extensive coverage with vaccination programmes, pertussis continues to be a cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, particularly in the young (Al Maani et al, 2017). A subset of children with pertussis develop severe illness that requires admission to a paediatric intensive care unit (PICU); this condition is known as 'critical pertussis' (Amirthalingam et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical pertussis: A multi-centric analysis of risk factors and outcomes in Oman

Birru

Alhinai

Thani

et al. 2021

International Journal of Infectious Diseases

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Subjects: Children aged <13 years presenting to the emergency departments and diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed pertussis by polymerase chain reaction between January 2013 and December 2018. Measurements and main results: In total, 157 patients were diagnosed with pertussis, of which 12% (n = 19) had critical pertussis. Patients with critical pertussis had a higher white blood cell count (WBCC) [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.05; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-1.08; P = 0.003], absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) (aOR 1.08; 95% CI 1.03-1.15; P = 0.004) and absolute neutrophil count (ANC) (aOR 1.05; 95% CI 1.01-1.10; P = 0.032) than patients with non-critical pertussis, even after multi-variate adjustment. The area under the curve for discriminatory accuracy of laboratory variables was 0.75 (95% CI 0.65-0.85), 0.74 (95% CI 0.64-0.84) and 0.72 (95% CI 0.60-0.83) for maximum WBCC, ALC and ANC, respectively, with Youden's cut-off values of 31.5 Â 10 9 /L, 19.9 Â 10 9 /L and 5.0 Â 10 9 /L, respectively. Conclusions: In children, higher WBCC, ALC and ANC were significant predictors of critical pertussis. A cut-off level of 31.5 Â 10 9 /L for WBCC was associated with critical pertussis.

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“…In these cases, the term pertussis-like illness (PLI) has been used for a clinical diagnosis in children who present signs compatible with pertussis, with no history of exposure to a confirmed case or in the absence of etiological confirmation. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Despite the good vaccination coverage, there has been a worldwide increase in the incidence of pertussis 3 and several strategies have been proposed with the purpose of reducing the incidence of infection, especially in the first months of life, where the disease tends to be more severe and fatal. 6 , 7 , 8…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The strategy of vaccinating pregnant women in order to protect the newborn through the passage of antibodies as a transplacental route has been shown to be more promising, and has even been approved by the World Health Organization (WHO), the Advisory Committee Immunizations Practices (ACIP) – USA, the American college of obstetricians and Gynecologist, the American Academy of Pediatricians of the USA and the Technical Advisory Committee on Immunizations (CTAI). 6 , 7 , 8 The recommendation of these institutions is the vaccination of all pregnant women during each pregnancy with the triple bacterial acellular (Tdap), from the 27th to the 36th gestational week in order to reduce morbidity and mortality in children younger than six months. 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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