Internal mammary artery-to-pulmonary vasculature fistula: Systematic review of case reports

Abstract

The formation of a fistula between the internal mammary artery and the pulmonary vasculature (IMA-to-PV) is a rare anomaly. The etiology can be congenital; however, most recent cases have been associated with coronary artery bypass grafting, trauma, inflammatory conditions, chronic infections, or neoplasia. The knowledge base on the formation of these fistulas is derived primarily from case reports. To our knowledge, no systematic reviews or guidelines are available that provide information on how to manage these cases, and the treatment of an IMA-to-PV fistula is controversial. To our knowledge, this report is the first to review 80 cases of IMA-to-PV fistulas reported in the literature. We describe the etiologies, clinical presentation, and management of these fistulas.

Secondary systemic artery to pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein fistulas following the video-assisted thoracic surgery for pneumothorax: a case report

“…Jabber et al described in a systematic review about internal thoracic artery to pulmonary vasculature fistula that the 59% of all fistula cases were found after CABG surgery. On the other hand, the case of secondary SAPVF following VATS like our case were just a few [ 2 ]. Traumatic change from dissection of the internal thoracic artery as a bypass graft may lead to internal thoracic artery to pulmonary vasculature fistula as Jabbar’s report [ 2 ].…”

“…On the other hand, the case of secondary SAPVF following VATS like our case were just a few [ 2 ]. Traumatic change from dissection of the internal thoracic artery as a bypass graft may lead to internal thoracic artery to pulmonary vasculature fistula as Jabbar’s report [ 2 ]. Several other reports also described the secondary SAPVF usually developed as a consequence of inflammatory processes of the pleura or lung or after blunt, open chest trauma or thoracotomy [ 1 – 8 ].…”

“…The systemic artery to pulmonary vessel fistula (SAPVF) is a vascular anomaly characterized by penetration of nonbronchial systemic chest wall arteries into the lung parenchyma, which was first reported by Burchell and Clagett in 1947 [ 1 ]. About 15% of SAPVF are congenital [ 2 ] and occur in the presence of cardiopathy or pulmonary artery hypoplasia [ 3 ]. Secondary SAPVF are caused by pleural adhesions that occur subsequent to inflammatory changes associated with conditions such as pleuritis, empyema, trauma, and surgery [ 1 – 5 ].…”

“…Secondary SAPVF are caused by pleural adhesions that occur subsequent to inflammatory changes associated with conditions such as pleuritis, empyema, trauma, and surgery [ 1 – 5 ]. Though the several cases of secondary SAPVF as a post coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) complication have been reported [ 2 ], secondary SAPVF especially following video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) are relatively rare. We report a case of secondary systemic artery to pulmonary artery and pulmonary vein fistulas that developed after VATS for pneumothorax.…”

Ankle Brachial Index in Different Types of Popliteal Artery Entrapment Syndrome: A Systematic Review of Case Reports

“…Admittedly, scientific robustness of the resulting data is far from the methodological rigor of a systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled clinical studies. However, several researchers [50][51][52] demonstrated that a methodological synthesis of case reports and case series could provide a useful addition to evidence-based medicine, particularly in the field of rare and heterogeneous conditions. Indeed, a systematic review of case reports or case series is the only available method for assessing the relationship between the PAES type and ABI score.…”