Biophysical processes supporting the diversity of microbial life in soil

Tecon, Robin; Or, Dani

doi:10.1093/femsre/fux039

Cited by 360 publications

(300 citation statements)

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“…Soil microorganisms and their primary consumers in the S″ compartment can move within the water microfilm ( via passive dispersal), but narrower windows of aqueous phases and higher viscosity may impose formidable challenges to movement in the S″ compartment (Tecon & Or, ). Nevertheless, large‐scale dispersal (from m to km) of soil microorganisms is a common phenomenon regulated mostly via rainfall and wind events and also by human‐mediated dispersal (Vos et al ., ; Thakur et al ., ).…”

Section: Current Challenges and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an integrative understanding of soil biodiversity

et al. 2019

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Soil is one of the most biodiverse terrestrial habitats. Yet, we lack an integrative conceptual framework for understanding the patterns and mechanisms driving soil biodiversity. One of the underlying reasons for our poor understanding of soil biodiversity patterns relates to whether key biodiversity theories (historically developed for aboveground and aquatic organisms) are applicable to patterns of soil biodiversity. Here, we present a systematic literature review to investigate whether and how key biodiversity theories (species–energy relationship, theory of island biogeography, metacommunity theory, niche theory and neutral theory) can explain observed patterns of soil biodiversity. We then discuss two spatial compartments nested within soil at which biodiversity theories can be applied to acknowledge the scale‐dependent nature of soil biodiversity.

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Section: Current Challenges and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards an integrative understanding of soil biodiversity

et al. 2019

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“…The heterogeneous nature of the soil pore network plays a fundamental role in determining microbial abundance, activity, and community composition by affecting the relative proportion of air‐ and water‐filled pores and their dynamics with changing soil water content. These bio‐hydrological processes, in turn, regulate water and nutrient availability, gas diffusion, and biotic interactions (e.g., Thecon & Or, ). Microbial activity is maximized (respiratory output) when about 60% of the total pore space is water filled (Frey, ; Or, Smets, Wraith, Dechesné, & Friedman, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and nutrient availability, gas diffusion, and biotic interactions (e.g., Thecon & Or, 2017). Microbial activity is maximized (respiratory output) when about 60% of the total pore space is water filled (Frey, 2007;Or, Smets, Wraith, Dechesné, & Friedman, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

Coupling of interfacial soil properties and bio‐hydrological processes: The flow cell concept

et al. 2018

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By applying the newly developed flow cell (FC) concept, this study investigated the impact of small‐scale spatial variations (millimetre to centimetre) in organic matter (OM) composition (diffusive reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy), biological activity (zymography), and wettability (contact angle [CA]) on transport processes (tracer experiments, radiography). Experiments were conducted in five undisturbed soil slices (millimetre apart), consisting of a sandy matrix with an embedded loamy band. In the loamy band increased enzyme activities and OM (10 mm apart) were found compared with the sand matrix, with no interrelations although spatial autocorrelation ranges were up to 7 cm. CAs were increased (0–110°) above the loamy band and were negatively correlated with acid phosphatase. Missing correlations were probably attributed to texture variations between soil slices. A general correlation between CA and C content (bulk) were confirmed. Variability in texture and hydraulic properties led to the formation of heterogeneous flow patterns and probably to heterogeneously distributed interfacial properties. The new FC concept allows process evaluation on the millimetre scale to analyse spatial relations, that is, between small‐scale textural changes on transport processes and biological responses. The concept has been proved as a versatile tool to analyse spatial distribution of biological and interfacial soil properties in conjunction with the analysis of complex micro‐hydraulic processes for undisturbed soil samples. The concept may be improved by additional nondestructive imaging methods, which is especially challenging for the detection of small‐scale textural changes.

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“…A lack of consensus on the relative impact of these factors, however, has been exacerbated by an absence of broad physicochemical gradients, and sampling scale and density across both geographic distance and habitat type. The inherent heterogeneity of terrestrial soil microbial ecosystems 34,35 further confounds attempts to distinguish true taxa-geochemical associations. To provide greater resolution to the factors driving microbial biogeography processes, we determined the physicochemical and microbial community composition of 1,019 geothermal water-column samples from across the TVZ (Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial biogeography of 1,000 geothermal springs in New Zealand

Power

Carere

Lee

et al. 2018

Preprint

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CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under aThe copyright holder for this preprint (which was . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/247759 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jan. 15, 2018; 2 relative abundance (11.2 and 11.1 %) and prevalence (74.2 and 62.9 % 36 respectively) across physicochemical spectrums of 13.9 -100.6 °C and pH < 1 37 -9.7. This study provides an unprecedented insight into the ecological 38 conditions that drive community assembly in geothermal springs, and can be implicated temperature 8,13,14 , pH 15 , and seasonality 16 as the primary drivers of 60 community diversity in these ecosystems; with niche specialisation observed within 61 both local and regional populations 17,18 . The neutral action of microbial dispersal is 62 also thought to be a significant driver behind the distribution of microorganisms 23 , 63 with endemism and allopatric speciation reported in intercontinental hotsprings 21,22 . It 64 is important to note that significant community differences have been found between 65 aqueous and soil/sediment samples from the same springs 13,15,23 (Fig. 1). Samples included representatives of 122 both extreme pH (< 0 -9.7) and temperature (13.9 -100.6 °C) ( Supplementary Fig. 123 1). Supplementary Fig. 3), while further multiple regression analysis showed It has been previously hypothesised that pH has significant influence on microbial 158 community composition because changes in proton gradients will drastically alter 159 nutrient availability, metal solubility, or organic carbon characteristics 12 . Similarly, 160 acidic pH will also reduce the number of taxa observed due to the low number that 161 can physiologically tolerate these conditions. Here, we demonstrate that pH had the 162 most significant effect on diversity across all springs measured, but due to our high 163 sampling frequency, we see this influence reduced above 70 °C (Fig. 2). Inversely, suggesting temperature has a more profound effect on this domain than bacteria. 187However, the primers used in this study are known to be unfavourable towards some Supplementary Fig. 7). 217The extent of measured physicochemical properties across 925 individual habitats, Supplementary Fig. 9).ND 4.0 International license not peer-reviewed) is the author/funder. It is made available under a The copyright holder for this preprint (which was . http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/247759 doi: bioRxiv preprint first posted online Jan. 15, 2018 249Further, characteristic geochemical signatures from these fields were identified and 250 analysis suggests they could be predictive of community composition. For example, 251 the Rotokawa and Waikite geothermal fields (approx. 35 km apart) (Fig. 3N & 3F (Supplementary Fig. 8). Of the 19 most abundant proteobacterial genera 275 (average relative abundance > 0.1 %), the majority are characterised as aerobic 276 chemolithoautotrophs, utilising either sulfur species and/or hydrogen for metabolism. was also the most pr...

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Biophysical processes supporting the diversity of microbial life in soil

Cited by 360 publications

References 321 publications

Towards an integrative understanding of soil biodiversity

Towards an integrative understanding of soil biodiversity

Coupling of interfacial soil properties and bio‐hydrological processes: The flow cell concept

Microbial biogeography of 1,000 geothermal springs in New Zealand

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