Effects of resveratrol supplementation on risk factors of non-communicable diseases: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Abstract

The results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating resveratrol supplementation on risk factors of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been inconsistent. The present meta-analysis aimed to quantitatively evaluate the effects of resveratrol intervention on risk factors of NCDs. PubMed and Scopus databases were searched up to June 2017. Weighted mean differences were calculated for net changes in risk factors of NCDs by using a random-effects model. Pre-specified subgroup and univariate meta-regression analyses were carried out to explore the sources of heterogeneity. Twenty-nine studies (30 treatment arms) with 1069 participants were identified. Resveratrol supplementation significantly reduced the concentrations of fasting glucose (-4.77 mg/dL; 95% CI: -9.33 to -0.21 mg/dL; P = 0.040), total cholesterol (TC) (-9.75 mg/dL; 95% CI: -17.04 to -2.46 mg/dL; P = 0.009), and C-reactive protein (CRP) (-0.81 mg/L; 95% CI: -1.42 to -0.21 mg/L; P = 0.009). Resveratrol intervention exerted significant reductions in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) in subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Subgroup analysis also showed that the trials with resveratrol intervention ≥3 months significantly reduced the low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), DBP, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) values. The results did not support that resveratrol intervention had favorable effects in altering high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), triglyceride (TAG), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR). The present study provides substantial evidence that resveratrol supplementation has favorable effects on several risk factors of NCDs.

Sirt1-PPARS Cross-Talk in Complex Metabolic Diseases and Inherited Disorders of the One Carbon Metabolism

“…A meta-analysis of nine randomized clinical trials with 283 participants concluded that resveratrol improves insulin sensitivity (HOMA-IR index) in DT2 patients, and had no effects on hemoglobin A1c and the lipid profile [ 119 ]. Similar results were observed in another meta-analysis of 29 randomized clinical trials involving 1069 participants [ 120 ]. In contrast, a one month randomized clinical double-blinded crossover administration of 150 mg/day of resveratrol had no effect on peripheral and hepatic insulin sensitivity [ 121 ].…”

The effects of polyphenols and other bioactives on human health

“…type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease). 92 However, two older meta-analyses reported that resveratrol had no effect on CRP, lipid profiles, and several other cardiovascular risk factors. 93,94 Other meta-analyses of randomized, controlled trials reported that resveratrol had beneficial effects on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease by modulating lipid parameters 95 and on improved glucose control and insulin sensitivity in individuals with cardiometabolic conditions.…”

Effect of resveratrol and pterostilbene on aging and longevity

“…Marchal et al found that resveratrol supplementation in old male mice has beneficial effects on metabolic alterations through affecting insulin sensitivity by improving glucose tolerance without disturbing baseline insulin secretion . A meta‐analysis of 11 randomized controlled trials demonstrated that resveratrol consumption significantly decreased the level of fasting glucose, insulin, glycated hemoglobin, and insulin resistance in participants with diabetes . In a randomized double‐blind crossover study, 30 days of resveratrol supplementation in 50‐year‐old males with obesity exerted its calorie restriction‐like effects via inducing metabolic changes by regulating AMPK‐SIRT1‐ peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor gamma coactivator 1‐α (PGC‐1α) axis .…”