The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Novel Treatments

Kim, Yong Ku; Shin, Cheolmin

doi:10.2174/1570159x15666170915141036

Cited by 166 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 146 publications

(154 reference statements)

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“…The exact mechanisms of signal transmission within this network are not completely elucidated. The CNS asserts its role over the GM through influencing gut motility patterns, altering the equilibrium in the gut permeability, and modulating mucus secretion which are known to exert control over gut microbial composition [5]. Conversely, the GM claims its influence over the CNS by regulating the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the production and turnover of cytokines and neurotransmitters.…”

Section: The Human Microbiota 11 Definition and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Gut Modulation through Probiotic Supplementation Be Beneficial in Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Khatib¹,

Karam-Sarkis²,

Waligora‐Dupriet³

et al. 2020

Prebiotics and Probiotics - Potential Benefits in Nutrition and Health

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Evidence is mounting to a possible link between autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and gut microbiota through the well-known gut-brain axis. Numerous mechanisms have been suggested including bacterial metabolites that could involve in chemokines, antimicrobial peptides, or neuropeptides production. Hence, numerous studies reported dysbiosis in autistic patients. Antibiotic courses are known to more or less improve neurobehavioral symptoms; however, it could lead to side effects. Modulation of the gut microbiota using pro-and/or prebiotics is therefore an appealing way of treatment. Fecal microbiota transfer is suggested to be an alternative new approach that could be promising. The aim of our chapter will be first to briefly review the current data concerning the possible role of the gut microbiota and its mechanisms in ASD and second to review the interest and limits of the pre-and probiotic supplementations in ASD treatment. Lastly, we will discuss on the potential interest of the microbiota transfer in ASD.

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Section: The Human Microbiota 11 Definition and Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Could Gut Modulation through Probiotic Supplementation Be Beneficial in Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Khatib¹,

Karam-Sarkis²,

Waligora‐Dupriet³

et al. 2020

Prebiotics and Probiotics - Potential Benefits in Nutrition and Health

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Alterations in microbiota composition are associated with the onset of autoimmune and allergic diseases including multiple sclerosis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and food allergies (Tanaka & Nakayama, 2017;McKenzie, Tan, Macia & Mackay, 2017). Gut microbiota dysbiosis may be involved in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders (depression, schizophrenia, autism spectrum disorder, dementia, Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease (Ghaisas, Maher & Kanthasamy, 2016;Kim & Shin, 2018), kidney diseases (Knauf, Brewer & Flavell, 2019), osteoporosis (Ohlsson & Sjogren, 2015) and liver cirrhosis (Qin et al, 2014).…”

Section: Microbiota and Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physical activity regulates the intestinal microbiota composition

Jurdana

Barlič–Maganja

2019

Ann. Kin.

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Gut microbiota is the name given today to the bacterial population living in our intestine. It provides nutrients, metabolites and affects the immune system. Recent animals and human studies suggest that regular physical activity increases the presence of beneficial microbial species of gut microbiota and improves the health status of the host. When gut bacteria diversity reduces, there are systemic consequences leading to gastrointestinal, physiological and psychological distress. This review describes the communication pathway of the microbiota-gut-brain axes and other possible mechanisms by which physical activity causes changes in microbiota composition. Furthermore, it provides the latest evidence of the beneficial role of exercise, which in turn can affect health and various disease processes. The results of research studies in this area are increasingly becoming a focus of scientific attention.

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“…In addition, stimulation of efferent signaling nerves can regulate immune cell activity [125]. The role of this gut-brain axis has been implied in pathophysiology of psychiatric and neurological disorders such as MS [126].…”

Section: Gut Microbiome Modificationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple sclerosis - new therapeutic directions

Łowiec¹,

Trzonkowski²,

Chwojnicki³

2017

Eur J Trans Clin Med

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Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease which affects the central nervous system. Currently, there are numerous disease-modifying therapies for this condition. Most of them address the inflammatory aspects of the disease and are most effective in the relapsing-remitting stages of multiple sclerosis. However, none of them can completely stop the progression of MS and they are usually associated with adverse effects. There is an ongoing search for novel approaches that involve different modes of action. Here, we discuss examples of new immunomodulating agents such as antigen-specific therapies, neuroprotectants, regenerative strategies and gut microbiota modification.

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The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis in Neuropsychiatric Disorders: Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Novel Treatments

Cited by 166 publications

References 146 publications

Could Gut Modulation through Probiotic Supplementation Be Beneficial in Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Could Gut Modulation through Probiotic Supplementation Be Beneficial in Autism Spectrum Disorder?

Physical activity regulates the intestinal microbiota composition

Multiple sclerosis - new therapeutic directions

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