Solid Tumor Immunotherapy with T Cell Engager‐Armed Oncolytic Viruses

Scott, Eleanor M.; Duffy, Margaret R.; Freedman, Joshua D.; Fisher, Kerry D.; Seymour, Leonard W.

doi:10.1002/mabi.201700187

Cited by 63 publications

(51 citation statements)

References 92 publications

(101 reference statements)

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“…Xia et al ( 105 ) suggested that combining an oncolytic virus with CAR-T cell therapy may be particularly efficacious in stimulator of interferon genes protein-inactivated and type I IFN-disrupted tumors. By contrast, Ajina and Maher ( 106 ), Kim ( 107 ) and Scott et al ( 108 ) indicated that oncolytic virus infection might augment entry and mobilization of CAR-T cells, and mitigate or reverse local immunosuppression and enhance the function and persistence of CAR-T cell effectors.…”

Section: Feasibility Of Car-t Cell Therapy With Other Immunotherapy Smentioning

confidence: 98%

Combination therapy: A feasibility strategy for CAR‑T cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors (Review)

et al. 2018

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Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapies have been demonstrated to have durable and potentially curative therapeutic efficacies in patients with hematological malignancies. Currently, multiple clinical trials in CAR-T cell therapy have been evaluated for the treatment of patients with solid malignancies, but have had less marked therapeutic effects when the agents are used as monotherapies. When summarizing relevant studies, the present study found that combination therapy strategies for solid tumors based on CAR-T cell therapies might be more effective. This review will focus on various aspects of treating solid tumors with CAR-T cell therapy: i) The therapeutic efficacy of CAR-T cell monotherapy, ii) the feasibility of the CAR-T cell therapy in conjunction with chemotherapy, iii) the feasibility of CAR-T cell therapy with radiotherapy, iv) the feasibility of CAR-T cell therapy with chemoradiotherapy, and v) the feasibility of the combination of CAR-T cell therapy with other strategies.

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Section: Feasibility Of Car-t Cell Therapy With Other Immunotherapy Smentioning

confidence: 98%

Combination therapy: A feasibility strategy for CAR‑T cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors (Review)

et al. 2018

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“…However, similar to CAR-T therapy, application of BiTEs in solid tumors has been limited by low tumor penetration and off-target effects. The combination of BiTEs with OVs is being considered to enhance therapeutic efficacy, including employing OVs as genetic vectors to secrete BiTEs localized within the TME and break the tumor cell-mediated immunosuppressive status (101).…”

Section: Combining Ovs With Bitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Combining Oncolytic Viruses With Cancer Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Generation of Cancer Treatment

et al. 2020

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The recent successes of tumor immunotherapy approaches, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) and chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy, have revolutionized cancer treatment, improving efficacy and extending treatment to a larger proportion of cancer patients. However, due to high heterogeneity of cancer, poor tumor cell targeting, and the immunosuppressive status of the tumor microenvironment (TME), combinatorial agents are required to obtain more effective and consistent therapeutic responses in a wide range of cancers. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) are able to selectively replicate in and destroy tumor cells and subsequently induce systematic anti-tumor immune responses. Thus, they are ideal for combining with cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss the current understanding of OVs, as well as the latest preclinical and clinical progress of combining OVs with cancer immunotherapies, including ICB, CART therapy, bispecific T cell engagers (BiTEs), and cancer vaccines. Moreover, we consider future directions for applying OVs to personalized cancer immunotherapies, which could potentially launch a new generation of cancer treatments.

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“…One very successful BiTE is the FDA approved Blinatumomab , which targets the B‐cell specific antigen CD19 for the treatment of hematological malignancies. Unfortunately for many BiTEs in clinical development, there are toxicities associated with systemic administration, as well as challenges to penetrate the TME and reach high enough local concentrations to be effective in most solid cancers . Here again, using OVs as delivery vehicles to secrete BiTEs to the exact site where they are only needed at picomolar concentrations may be a very effective strategy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Concise Review: Targeting Cancer Stem Cells and Their Supporting Niche Using Oncolytic Viruses

2019

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Cancer stem cells (CSCs) have the capacity to self‐renew and differentiate to give rise to heterogenous cancer cell lineages in solid tumors. These CSC populations are associated with metastasis, tumor relapse, and resistance to conventional anticancer therapies. Here, we focus on the use of oncolytic viruses (OVs) to target CSCs as well as the OV‐driven interferon production in the tumor microenvironment (TME) that can repress CSC properties. We explore the ability of OVs to deliver combinations of immune‐modulating therapeutic transgenes, such as immune checkpoint inhibitor antibodies. In particular, we highlight the advantages of virally encoded bi‐specific T cell engagers (BiTEs) to not only target cell‐surface markers on CSCs, but also tumor‐associated antigens on contributing components of the surrounding TME and other cancer cells. We also highlight the crucial role of combination anticancer treatments, evidenced by synergy of OV‐delivered BiTEs and chimeric‐antigen receptor T cell therapy. Stem Cells 2019;37:716–723

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Solid Tumor Immunotherapy with T Cell Engager‐Armed Oncolytic Viruses

Cited by 63 publications

References 92 publications

Combination therapy: A feasibility strategy for CAR‑T cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors (Review)

Combination therapy: A feasibility strategy for CAR‑T cell therapy in the treatment of solid tumors (Review)

Combining Oncolytic Viruses With Cancer Immunotherapy: Establishing a New Generation of Cancer Treatment

Concise Review: Targeting Cancer Stem Cells and Their Supporting Niche Using Oncolytic Viruses

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