Cytomegalovirus associated severe pneumonia, multi-organ failure and Ganciclovir associated arrhythmia in immunocompetent child

Al‐Eyadhy, Ayman; Hasan, Gamal; Bassrawi, Rolan; Al-Jelaify, Muneera; Temsah, Mohamad-Hani; Alhaboob, Ali; Alsohime, Fahad; Alabdulhafid, Majed

doi:10.1016/j.jiac.2017.08.003

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Similarly, in a large study that assessed the prevalence of opportunistic infections and malignancies in 834 individuals with HIV, there were no reports of pulmonary or cardiac manifestations of CMV [15]. The association of CMV causing both pneumonia and pericardial effusion in the same patient is discussed in very few cases [16][17][18][19], none of which identified CMV in both the BAL fluid and pericardial fluid. Therefore, pulmonary and cardiac presentations of CMV in patients with HIV are uncommon, even more so when they occur simultaneously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare case of cytomegalovirus causing respiratory failure and a large pericardial effusion

Burkovsky

Kahloan

Acharya

et al. 2021

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

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Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is asymptomatic in the majority of immunocompetent patients. However, it can cause severe presentations, particularly in patients who are immunocompromised. We are reporting a rare association between respiratory failure secondary to cavitary pneumonia and a large pericardial effusion due to CMV infection in a patient with human immunodeficiency virus. The patient presented with hypoxic respiratory failure and a large pericardial effusion at risk of tamponade. After extensive investigation, the sole pathogen identified in the patient's bronchoalveolar lavage and pericardial fluid was CMV.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A rare case of cytomegalovirus causing respiratory failure and a large pericardial effusion

Burkovsky

Kahloan

Acharya

et al. 2021

Journal of Community Hospital Internal Medicine Perspectives

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show abstract

“…Alternatives for the treatment of lung CMV also include foscarnet, maribavir, valgancyclovir, and cidofivir; nonetheless, significant renal toxicity may also occur with these medications. Adjuvant treatment with intravenous immunoglobulin or CMV hyperimmunoglobulin is recommended in immunocompromised patients and may be used in cases of severe CMV disease and hypogammaglobulinemia [7]. Newer strategies such as the use of antiviral adoptive T cell immunotherapy are being attempted and may help to overcome some of the challenges in the treatment of CMV infections [97,98].…”

Section: Implication Of the Diagnosis Of Pediatric Lung Cytomegalovirmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The diagnosis of a lung CMV infection requires a combination of respiratory symptoms along with compatible radiologic findings and detection of the virus [5]. However, in spite of the knowledge and diagnostic tools available to date, the diagnosis of pulmonary CMV infections remain a diagnostic challenge, and the thresholds to initiate treatment in affected individuals remain a matter of controversy [6,7]. Accordingly, to address these gaps, we present a literature review of pediatric lung CMV infections and key aspects of their clinical presentation, diagnosis, as well as special features of these infections in young children in order to provide a useful tools to health professionals who approach these patients.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and Clinical Implications of the Diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus Lung Infection in Children

Restrepo

Gutiérrez

Osorio

et al. 2019

Curr Infect Dis Rep

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Purpose of Review-Pulmonary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is a potential lethal disease in children, but it remains a diagnostic challenge. The differentiation between latent CMV infections with viral shedding and active infections is difficult and may lead to false positives in bronchoalvolar lavage (BAL) PCR detection. This review summarizes current diagnostic approaches for CMV lung infection in children including progress in the identification of underlying immune defects linked to this condition. Recent Findings-There is increasing literature supporting that the combined assessment of host risk factors and lung disease pattern is essential for the diagnosis of pulmonary CMV infection in children. The most important host risk factor is an immunecompromised state that has expanded from primary or acquired immunodeficiency (e.g., HIV) to include a myriad of immunedysregulation syndromes (e.g., CTLA4, PIK3 defects). Newborns, paricularly those born premature, are also a high-risk group. At the pulmonary level, active CMV infection is typically characterized by alveolar compromise leading to hypoxemia, ground-glass opacities, and intraalveolar infiltrates with CMV inclusions in lung biopsy. The identification of active CMV lung infection should trigger additional evaluation of immune defects (primary or secondary) impairing T and NK cell function or innate antiviral responses as well as other immune dysregulation disorders. Summary-Lung CMV infections in children are more prevalent in immunocompromised hosts and premature newborns. Lung CMV infections should prompt further investigation into conditions altering immune mechanisms usually in place to contain CMV infections. Common ✉ Gustavo Nino,

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Case 20. A 4-Month-Old Male Infant with Dry Cough, Progressive Shortness of Breath: Cytomegalovirus Pneumonitis

Yen

Huang

2023

Paediatric Infectious Diseases

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Cytomegalovirus associated severe pneumonia, multi-organ failure and Ganciclovir associated arrhythmia in immunocompetent child

Cited by 6 publications

References 12 publications

A rare case of cytomegalovirus causing respiratory failure and a large pericardial effusion

A rare case of cytomegalovirus causing respiratory failure and a large pericardial effusion

Challenges and Clinical Implications of the Diagnosis of Cytomegalovirus Lung Infection in Children

Case 20. A 4-Month-Old Male Infant with Dry Cough, Progressive Shortness of Breath: Cytomegalovirus Pneumonitis

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