The Hyperlipidemia Effect: Pseudohyponatremia in Pancreatic Cancer

A case of pulmonary hyalinizing granuloma characterized by pseudohyponatremia due to hyperproteinemia

“…His clinical presentation was slowly progressive even after PSL and cyclosporine therapy, finally resulting in left lung transplantation. In severe cases, such as the case presented here, a therapeutic intervention consisting of aggressive treatment with isotonic or hypertonic saline due to a misdiagnosis of hyponatremia may worsen the patient's condition and can cause death [ [6] , [7] , [8] ].…”

“…As hyponatremia complicated by pulmonary disease is often associated with syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone, it is important to use direct ion-selective electrode monitoring to accurately diagnose pseudohyponatremia, as in the present case. Although pseudohyponatremia is rare, it should be suspected in patients with hyperproteinemia to prevent a misdiagnosis that could lead to complications from aggressive treatment with isotonic or hypertonic saline [ 6 , 14 ]. Particular attention should be paid to patients in whom serum proteins, which increase the nonaqueous phase of plasma and decrease the plasma water volume, are high.…”

Pseudohyponatremia Secondary to Hypercholesterolemia in the Setting of Intrahepatic Cholestasis due to Metastatic Liver Disease: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

“…Interestingly, all these patients presented with extreme cholestasis. Cholestasis can cause hyperlipidemia by increasing serum Lipoprotein X. Lipoprotein X, a major cholesterol transporter in the plasma, is formed when serum incubates with bile lipoproteins from unesterified cholesterol and phospholipids released from the bile ducts into the bloodstream (19). Lipoprotein X is the common factor in patients with cholestasis-induced hypercholesterolemia.…”

Methimazole induced hepatotoxicity: A rare adverse reaction

“…Using the formula Corrected sodium (mmol/L) = Measured sodium (mmol/L) + [total lipids (mmol/L)/10], after converting total serum lipids to mmol/L, corrected sodium was calculated to be 133 mmol/L. [30,31] Despite the patient's admitted increase in free water intake prior to presentation, hyponatremia on presentation was likely a pseudohyponatremia secondary to hyperlipidemia. The initiation of MMI and onset of jaundice in a patient found to have elevated liver function tests and hyperlipidemia indicates a cholestatic pattern of acute liver injury secondary to recent MMI use.…”