Awareness, Beliefs, and Actions Concerning Zika Virus Among Pregnant Women and Community Members — U.S. Virgin Islands, November–December 2016

Prue, Christine E.; Roth, Joseph N.; Garcia-Williams, Amanda; Yoos, Alison; Camperlengo, Lena; DeWilde, Leah; Lamtahri, Mohammed; Prosper, Andra; Harrison, Cosme; Witbart, Lauren; Guendel, Irene; Wiegand, Douglas M.; Lamens, Natasha R.; Hillman, Braeanna; Davis, Michelle; Ellis, Esther M.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6634a4

Cited by 24 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Cad. Saúde Pública 2018; 34(5):e00178917 countries 9,11,12 . Our findings suggest that the impacts of the Zika epidemic on women might be universal and global -and that perhaps many important ones have been so far ignored in the literature.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women’s lives in times of Zika: mosquito-controlled lives?

Linde

Siqueira

2018

Cad. Saúde Pública

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Zika virus infection during pregnancy is a cause of congenital brain abnormalities. Its consequences to pregnancies has made governments, national and international agencies issue advices and recommendations to women. There is a clear need to investigate how the Zika outbreak affects the decisions that women take concerning their lives and the life of their families, as well as how women are psychologically and emotionally dealing with the outbreak. We conducted a qualitative study to address the impact of the Zika epidemic on the family life of women living in Brazil, Puerto Rico, and the US, who were affected by it to shed light on the social repercussions of Zika. Women were recruited through the snowball sampling technique and data was collected through semi-structured interviews. We describe the effects in mental health and the coping strategies that women use to deal with the Zika epidemic. Zika is taking a heavy toll on women's emotional well-being. They are coping with feelings of fear, helplessness, and uncertainty by taking drastic precautions to avoid infection that affect all areas of their lives. Coping strategies pose obstacles in professional life, lead to social isolation, including from family and partner, and threaten the emotional and physical well-being of women. Our findings suggest that the impacts of the Zika epidemic on women may be universal and global. Zika infection is a silent and heavy burden on women's shoulders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Women’s lives in times of Zika: mosquito-controlled lives?

Linde

Siqueira

2018

Cad. Saúde Pública

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“…Few studies in the literature addressed the experiences of women indirectly affected and less vulnerable to the effects of the Zika epidemic. Most research published so far have primarily focused on women with children affected by Zika and/or living in areas where the Zika virus was widespread [16,17]. The discussion about infected women has concentrated on strategies to limit or prevent reproduction (i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, studies mainly address the attitudes, knowledge, and behaviors of pregnant women [17,18,21]. In our study, women lived in diverse geographical regions and were from different nationalities and ethnicities, but similar socioeconomic backgrounds.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“Too Much to Ask, Too Much to Handle”: Women’s Coping in Times of Zika

Arias

Furtado

Tristan-Cheever

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background and Objectives Zika virus infection during pregnancy is a cause of congenital brain abnormalities. Its consequences to pregnancies have made governments, national and international agencies issue advice and recommendations to women. This study was designed to develop an initial understanding of the impacts of Zika on women of reproductive age who lived in areas with or without local transmission. The impacts on women who were less directly affected and less vulnerable to Zika were analyzed. The hypothesis was that all women were impacted by the epidemic. Methods A qualitative study was carried out. Women were recruited through the snowball sampling technique from various locations in Brazil, Puerto Rico, and the United States. They were of different nationalities and ethnicities. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The data transcripts were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results The social effects of the epidemic affect more women than had been thought before and at deeper emotional levels. Women perceived that the public health systems were placing an unfair responsibility for preventing health complications from Zika onto women who have limited ability. They also stated that the measures recommended to them were invasive, while creating the perception that women were the sole determinant of whether they contracted Zika. The results indicate that women with higher levels of education understood the limitations of the information, government actions, and medical care they received, which ended up producing higher levels of anguish and worry. Conclusions Women appeared to be disproportionately affected by the reproductive implications of the epidemic, even when they were only indirectly affected. Gender inequality and gender discrimination must be recognized and rendered visible in the public health emergency response. It is shown the importance of considering cultural aspects and behaviors when implementing health prevention or protection measures to control epidemics.

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“…Prevention kits enable healthy behavior by putting needed items in persons’ hands but also by providing a visual reminder of the recommended behavior. Similar home infection prevention kits were used during the Zika response in the US Virgin Islands ( 7 ) and during the Ebola epidemic in West Africa ( 8 – 10 ) to provide home caregivers with tools to prevent virus transmission. Only HIV infection prevention kits have been evaluated to date; these preliminary evaluations indicate kit popularity and suggest supportive effects ( 11 , 12 ).…”

Section: Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influences of Community Interventions on Zika Prevention Behaviors of Pregnant Women, Puerto Rico, July 2016–June 20171

Earle‐Richardson¹,

Prue²,

Turay³

et al. 2018

Emerg. Infect. Dis.

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We assessed how community education efforts influenced pregnant women’s Zika prevention behaviors during the 2016 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention–Puerto Rico Department of Health Zika virus response. Efforts included Zika virus training, distribution of Zika prevention kits, a mass media campaign, and free home mosquito spraying. We used telephone interview data from pregnant women participating in Puerto Rico’s Women, Infants, and Children Program to test associations between program participation and Zika prevention behaviors. Behavior percentages ranged from 4% (wearing long-sleeved shirt) to 90% (removing standing water). Appropriate mosquito repellent use (28%) and condom use (44%) were common. Receiving a Zika prevention kit was significantly associated with larvicide application (odds ratio [OR] 8.0) and bed net use (OR 3.1), suggesting the kit's importance for lesser-known behaviors. Offer of free residential spraying was associated with spraying home for mosquitoes (OR 13.1), indicating that women supported home spraying when barriers were removed.

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Awareness, Beliefs, and Actions Concerning Zika Virus Among Pregnant Women and Community Members — U.S. Virgin Islands, November–December 2016

Cited by 24 publications

References 3 publications

Women’s lives in times of Zika: mosquito-controlled lives?

Women’s lives in times of Zika: mosquito-controlled lives?

“Too Much to Ask, Too Much to Handle”: Women’s Coping in Times of Zika

Influences of Community Interventions on Zika Prevention Behaviors of Pregnant Women, Puerto Rico, July 2016–June 20171

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