Bioaccessibility, Intestinal Permeability and Plasma Stability of Isorhamnetin Glycosides from Opuntia ficus-indica (L.)

Abstract

Isorhamnetin glycosides are representative compounds of Opuntia ficus-indica that possess different biological activities. There is slight information about the changes in bioaccessibility induced by the glycosylation pattern of flavonoids, particularly for isorhamnetin. In this study, the bioaccessibility and permeability of isorhamnetin glycosides extracted from O. ficus-indica were contrasted with an isorhamnetin standard. Also, the plasma stability of these isorhamnetin glycosides after intravenous administration in rats was evaluated. Recoveries of isorhamnetin after oral and gastric digestion were lower than that observed for its glycosides. After intestinal digestion, isorhamnetin glycosides recoveries were reduced to less than 81.0%. The apparent permeability coefficient from apical (AP) to basolateral (BL) direction (Papp(AP-BL)) of isorhamnetin was 2.6 to 4.6-fold higher than those obtained for its glycosides. Isorhamnetin diglycosides showed higher Papp(AP-BL) values than triglycosides. Sugar substituents affected the Papp(AP-BL) of the triglycosides. Isorhamnetin glycosides were better retained in the circulatory system than the aglycone. After intravenous dose of the isorhamnetin standard, the elimination half-life was 0.64 h but increased to 1.08 h when the O. ficus-indica extract was administered. These results suggest that isorhamnetin glycosides naturally found in O. ficus-indica could be a controlled delivery system to maintain a constant plasmatic concentration of this important flavonoid to exert its biological effects in vivo.

Cellular antioxidant activity and in vitro intestinal permeability of phenolic compounds from four varieties of mango bark (Mangifera indica L.)

“…Caco‐2 cells (passage number 37) were seeded onto 6‐well transwell plates containing inserts with a polycarbonate membrane with a surface area of 4.71 cm 2 and a pore diameter of 0.4 µm (Costar) at a final seeding density of 1 × 10 6 cells/insert, and the plates were cultured for 21 days. Permeability assays were performed according to a previous report . Briefly, the Caco‐2 cell monolayers were washed with warm HBSS at pH 7.4, and then MBEs from different varieties, MG or GA were added to the apical (AP) side (AP: 1.5 mL), while the receiving compartment or basolateral (BL) side (BL: 2.5 mL) contained the corresponding volume of HBSS.…”

“…Permeability assays were performed according to a previous report. 16 Briefly, the Caco-2 cell monolayers were washed with warm HBSS at pH 7.4, and then MBEs from different varieties, MG or GA were added to the apical (AP) side (AP: 1.5 mL), while the receiving compartment or basolateral (BL) side (BL: 2.5 mL) contained the corresponding volume of HBSS. The plates were incubated at 37 ∘ C in an orbital shaking incubator (100 rpm), and aliquots of 1 mL were withdrawn from both compartments at 15, 30, 60 and 120 min.…”

Digestive Stability and Bioaccessibility of Antioxidants in Prickly Pear Fruits from the Canary Islands: Healthy Foods and Ingredients

“…These authors also reported that throughout colonic fermentation, flavonoids showed more degradation than phenolic acids and reduced H 2 O 2 -induced DNA damage in HT29 cells [43]. It has also been suggested that flavonoid glycosides have a higher bioaccessibility than their corresponding aglycones due to their improved aqueous solubility, higher stability during digestion, and higher ability to pass across lipid rich biological membranes [18,44]. Table 6.…”

“…As shown in Figure 1d, it is characterized by a high IG1 and IG5 content, but additionally contains peak 26 (Rt = 42.5; λ max at 255 and 355 nm), which we identified as isorhamnetin hexosyl-rhamnoside for the first time in prickly pear fruits. Following the abbreviation of isorhamnetin glycosides purified from cacti [18,19], we abbreviated this compound as IG7. This last isorhamnetin glycoside could be an isomer of IG5, however more information is needed to elucidate its structure.…”

“…The other varieties (Colorado, Fresa, and Blanco Buenavista) showed lower recoveries of IG5 (26-32%) and IG7 (30%). The stability of phenolic compounds during digestion partially depends on its glycosylation pattern; for instance, isorhamnetin glycosides from Opuntia ficus-indica cladodes are more bioaccessible than its respective aglycones [18]. It has been reported that after intravenous dose of the isorhamnetin standard, the elimination half-life was 0.64 h but increased to 1.08 h when the O. ficus-indica extract was administered suggesting that isorhamnetin glycosides naturally found in O. ficus-indica cladodes could be a controlled delivery system to maintain a constant plasmatic concentration of this important flavonoid to exert its biological effects in vivo.…”