The Epidemic of Despair Among White Americans: Trends in the Leading Causes of Premature Death, 1999–2015

Stein, Elizabeth; Gennuso, Keith P.; Ugboaja, Donna C; Remington, Patrick L.

doi:10.2105/ajph.2017.303941

Cited by 183 publications

(199 citation statements)

References 17 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

189

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Prior studies have documented adverse trends in mortality related to poisonings, liver cirrhosis, and suicide within particular age groups (Case and Deaton , ; Stein et al. ). We find that among these causes, drug overdose makes the largest contribution to trends in life expectancy between 1990–1992 and 2014–2016 in all metro categories and all regions.…”

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…; Stein et al. ). The underlying mechanisms driving mortality trends for non‐Hispanic whites are fundamentally different from those driving trends for other racial/ethnic groups, as suggested by James and Cossman (2017).…”

mentioning

confidence: 97%

“…More recently, Stein et al. () focused on mortality trends at ages 25–64 between 1999 and 2015 by age, race/ethnicity, cause of death, and level of urbanization. They documented increasing death rates for non‐Hispanic whites, mainly outside large urban areas, with suicide, poisoning, and liver disease contributing to these adverse trends.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Trends in Non‐Hispanic White Mortality in the United States by Metropolitan‐Nonmetropolitan Status and Region, 1990–2016

Elo¹,

Hendi²,

Ho³

et al. 2019

Population & Development Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Summary and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Trends in Non‐Hispanic White Mortality in the United States by Metropolitan‐Nonmetropolitan Status and Region, 1990–2016

Elo¹,

Hendi²,

Ho³

et al. 2019

Population & Development Rev

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…5,17 It is expected that this varies across cancer sites based on various emotional trauma and psychosocial issues associated with cancer sites. 20 Results also Cancer October 15,2018 have been inconsistent because of small sample sizes, methodology, or study bias. 20 Results also Cancer October 15,2018 have been inconsistent because of small sample sizes, methodology, or study bias.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suicide risk among cancer survivors: Head and neck versus other cancers

Osazuwa‐Peters¹,

Zhao

Olomukoro

et al. 2018

Cancer

161

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BACKGROUND: Cancer survivors face psychosocial issues that increase their risk of suicide. This study examined the risk of suicide across cancer sites, with a focus on survivors of head and neck cancer (HNC). METHODS: The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results 18-registry database (from 2000 to 2014) was queried for the top 20 cancer sites in the database, including HNC. The outcome of interest was suicide as a cause of death. The mortality rate from suicide was estimated for HNC sites and was compared with rates for 19 other cancer sites that were included in the study. Poisson regression was used to estimate adjusted rate ratios (aRRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for 1) HNC versus non-HNC sites (the other 19 cancer sites combined), and 2) HNC versus each individual cancer site. Models were stratified by sex, controlling for race, marital status, age, year, and stage at diagnosis. RESULTS: There were 404 suicides among 151,167 HNC survivors from 2000 to 2014, yielding a suicide rate of 63.4 suicides per 100,000 person-years. In this timeframe, there were 4493 suicides observed among 4219,097 cancer survivors in the study sample, yielding an incidence rate of 23.6 suicides per 100,000 person-years. Compared with survivors of other cancers, survivors of HNC were almost 2 times more likely to die from suicide (aRR, 1.97; 95% CI,). There was a 27% increase in the risk of suicide among HNC survivors during the period from 2010 to 2014 (aRR, 1.27; 95% CI, 1.16-1.38) compared with the period from 2000 to 2004. CONCLUSIONS: Although survival rates in cancer have improved because of improved treatments, the risk of death by suicide remains a problem for cancer survivors, particularly those with HNC. Cancer 2018;124:4072-4079.

show abstract

“…For example, three US‐based studies included in a recent meta‐analysis suggested lower prevalence of depression among rural versus urban older adults . However, other recent US studies have revealed increasing rates of suicide and alcohol‐related and drug‐related deaths in rural and sparsely populated regions, suggesting that mental health outcomes may disproportionately burden these areas. Our results add to this growing literature on geographic health disparities by suggesting that the prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms may be higher among participants who lived in the rural United States during childhood.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inequalities in elevated depressive symptoms in middle‐aged and older adults by rural childhood residence: The important role of education

Murchland

Eng

Casey

et al. 2019

Int J Geriat Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Objectives To quantify inequalities in the prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms by rural childhood residence and the extent to which childhood socioeconomic conditions and educational attainment contribute to this disparity. Methods We identified the prevalence of depressive symptoms among US‐born adults ages 50 years and older in the 1998 to 2014 waves of the Health and Retirement Study (n = 16 022). We compared prevalence of elevated depressive symptoms (>4/8 symptoms) by rural versus nonrural childhood residence (self‐report) and the extent to which own education mediated this disparity. We used generalized estimating equations and marginal standardization to calculate predicted probabilities of elevated depressive symptoms. Results In age, race/ethnicity, and sex‐adjusted models, rural childhood residence was associated with elevated depressive symptoms (OR = 1.20; 95% CI, 1.12‐1.29; marginal predicted probability 10.5% for rural and 8.9% for nonrural childhood residence). Adjusting for US Census birth region and parental education attenuated this association (OR = 1.07; 95% CI, 0.99‐1.15; marginal predicted probability 9.9% for rural and 9.3% for nonrural). After additional adjustment for own education, rural childhood residence was not associated with elevated depressive symptoms (OR = 0.94; 95% CI, 0.87‐1.01; marginal predicted probability 9.2% for rural and 9.8% for nonrural). Conclusions Rural childhood residence was associated with elevated depressive symptoms in middle‐aged and older adults; birth region, parental education, and own education appear to contribute to this disparity.

show abstract

The Epidemic of Despair Among White Americans: Trends in the Leading Causes of Premature Death, 1999–2015

Abstract: The unfavorable recent trends in premature death rate among non-Hispanic Whites outside large urban areas were primarily caused by self-destructive health behaviors likely related to underlying social and economic factors in these communities.

Cited by 183 publications

References 17 publications

Trends in Non‐Hispanic White Mortality in the United States by Metropolitan‐Nonmetropolitan Status and Region, 1990–2016

Trends in Non‐Hispanic White Mortality in the United States by Metropolitan‐Nonmetropolitan Status and Region, 1990–2016

Suicide risk among cancer survivors: Head and neck versus other cancers

Inequalities in elevated depressive symptoms in middle‐aged and older adults by rural childhood residence: The important role of education

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About