Cause of acute encephalitis/encephalopathy in Japanese children diagnosed by a rapid and comprehensive virological detection system and differences in their clinical presentations

Takasawa, Kei; Nakagawa, Ryuichi; Takishima, Shigeru; Moriyama, Kengo; Watanabe, Ken; Kiyohara, Koji; Hasegawa, Takeshi; Shimohira, Masahiro; Kashimada, Kenichi; Shimizu, Norio; Morio, Tomohiro

doi:10.1016/j.braindev.2017.07.014

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…5 cells/mm 3 with a lymphocyte predominance, abnormal brain imaging (CT or MRI) or electroencephalogram (EEG), and no other specific diagnosis. 16 Bacterial meningitis was diagnosed using the World Health Organization criteria for meningitis. These criteria include clinical symptoms of meningitis (i.e., fever, headache, neck stiffness, bulging fontanel, or altered mental status) and CSF with elevated protein (.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-Etiological Profile and Predictors of Mortality of Nontraumatic Coma in Children of Upper Egypt: A Prospective Observational Study

Baseer

Mohamad

Qubaisy

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Nontraumatic coma (NTC) is a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality in children. This prospective observational study aimed to determine the clinico-etiological profile of NTC in children and delineate clinical signs predicting mortality in Upper Egypt from June 2019 to May 2020. All children from 1 month of age to 16 years who were admitted with NTC were included in the study. All patients received full histories and physical examinations, including Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS). Routine laboratory investigations including complete blood count, electrolytes, blood sugar, serum creatinine, and liver function tests were performed for all patients. Specific investigations such as metabolic studies, lumbar punctures, brain computed tomography scans, and magnetic resonance imaging were done when indicated. The precise etiology was determined and clinical presentations for survivors and nonsurvivors were compared. Among the 137 cases of NTC identified, central nervous system (CNS) infections were the most common cause leading to 38 cases, followed by toxic causes in 37 cases, status epilepticus in 22 cases, and metabolic causes in 21 cases. Hypothermia, hypotension, abnormal respiratory patterns, muscle hypotonia, absent corneal reflex, presence of shock, and need for mechanical ventilation were significantly correlating with mortality. The estimated mortality rate was 18.2% and all cases with GCS < 5 died. Toxic causes were the most commonly identified etiology in patients who died. In conclusion, the authors identified several etiologies for NTC in Upper Egypt and their corresponding clinical signs at presentation. This information can be used to improve the clinical care provided to children with NTC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinico-Etiological Profile and Predictors of Mortality of Nontraumatic Coma in Children of Upper Egypt: A Prospective Observational Study

Baseer

Mohamad

Qubaisy

et al. 2022

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Viral encephalitis/encephalopathy was ruled out comprehensively on multiplex polymerase chain reaction. 3 An outbreak of Listeria infection was not detected around the same time in the surrounding area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In both cases, immune function, including neutrophilic function, lymphocyte function and antibody production, were confirmed to be normal. Viral encephalitis/encephalopathy was ruled out comprehensively on multiplex polymerase chain reaction . An outbreak of Listeria infection was not detected around the same time in the surrounding area.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Complications of Listeria meningitis in two immunocompetent children

Shimbo

Takasawa

Nishioka

et al. 2018

Pediatrics International

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“…[6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13] These neurological complications might be more frequent than previously thought, with recent epidemiological studies reporting that HHV-7, as well as HHV-6, are common pathogens in encephalitis, with significant contribution (around 17%) to morbidity by neurological disease in children. [11][12][13][14] In this article, we described a case of HHV-7 encephalitis in an immunocompetent teenager.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Encephalitis, a Rare Manifestation of Human Herpesvirus 7 Infection

Parente

Pessoa

Moita

et al. 2021

Journal of Pediatric Neurology

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Human herpesvirus 7 (HHV-7) infection typically occurs in childhood and is frequently asymptomatic. Some clinical manifestations include fever and exanthem subitum. There have been rare reports of invasion of HHV-7 into the central nervous system. Here we report a case of encephalitis associated with HHV-7. A 16-year-old girl presented with headache, vomiting, disorientation, and psychomotor agitation. Glasgow Coma Scale on arrival was 9. Cerebrospinal fluid tested positive for HHV-7. Electroencephalogram showed intermittent slowing and rare sharp waves in the left frontal region. She recovered well after appropriate treatment for encephalitis.This case added to the few existing reports of encephalitis due to HHV-7. Physicians should be aware of this rare neurological manifestation of HHV-7 for prompt management. Similar cases should be reported to further our knowledge about this virus and its role in neurological disease.

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Cause of acute encephalitis/encephalopathy in Japanese children diagnosed by a rapid and comprehensive virological detection system and differences in their clinical presentations

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

Clinico-Etiological Profile and Predictors of Mortality of Nontraumatic Coma in Children of Upper Egypt: A Prospective Observational Study

Clinico-Etiological Profile and Predictors of Mortality of Nontraumatic Coma in Children of Upper Egypt: A Prospective Observational Study

Complications of Listeria meningitis in two immunocompetent children

Encephalitis, a Rare Manifestation of Human Herpesvirus 7 Infection

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