The combined application of urinary liquid‐based cytology with fluorescence <i>in situ</i> hybridization and p16/Ki‐67 dual immunostaining is valuable for improving the early diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinomas

Sun, Xueqi; Liu, Xubin; Xia, Meng; Yang, Shicong; Fei, Lingyan; Zhang, Mengqi; Ma, Hanyu; Wang, Liantang; Chen, Shangwu; Yu, Li

doi:10.1002/dc.23796

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 29 publications

(79 reference statements)

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“…A minimum of 25 cells were analyzed for copy number changes in chromosome 9p21 ( CDKN2A/p16 ). When ≥15 cells showed zero CDKN2A/p16 signals, it was regarded as homozygous deletion 26 . If no abnormalities were detected, the remaining cells were counted until 100 cells were evaluated.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lower neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and positive programmed cell death ligand‐1 expression are favorable prognostic markers in patients treated with pembrolizumab for urothelial carcinoma

et al. 2022

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Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are effective in some cancer patients; however, they may show no efficacy in others. Predictive biomarkers are crucial for appropriately selecting the patients who receive ICI therapy. This study aimed to clarify the predictors of disease progression in urothelial carcinoma (UC) patients treated with an ICI, pembrolizumab. Methods: We analyzed the response patterns of 50 UC patients who were treated with pembrolizumab, as well as the association between survival and clinicopathological factors. Clinical factors included age, sex, body mass index, clinical courses, laboratory data, metastases, and adverse events. Pathological factors included special variant, squamous differentiation, programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression, CD8-positive lymphocytes density, and CDKN2A/p16 homozygous deletion.Results: During pembrolizumab treatment, four (8%), 11 (22%), and eight (16%) patients achieved the best-case scenarios of complete response, partial response, and stable disease, respectively. Twenty-seven patients (54%) showed progressive disease. In this study, younger age, lower preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and positive PD-L1 expression were significantly correlated with longer progression-free survival and overall survival. Moreover, lower NLR and positive PD-L1 expression were independently associated with longer OS in multivariate analysis.Conclusions: Based on our observations, lower NLR and positive PD-L1 expression may be independent favorable prognostic markers in UC patients treated with pembrolizumab. These results suggest that both host and tumor status can reflect the effectiveness of pembrolizumab among patients with UC.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When ≥15 cells showed zero CDKN2A/p16 signals, it was regarded as homozygous deletion. 26 If no abnormalities were detected, the remaining cells were counted until 100 cells were evaluated. Figure 2 shows an example of the CDKN2A/p16 signals of tumor cells in FISH.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lower neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and positive programmed cell death ligand‐1 expression are favorable prognostic markers in patients treated with pembrolizumab for urothelial carcinoma

et al. 2022

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“…Their presence can be detected by using immunostaining kits. Sun et al [24] retrospectively analysed 61 patients in a study comparing urine cytology, FISH and p16/Ki-67 labelling. Unfortunately, p16/Ki-67 labelling had the lowest sensitivities -12.5% for low-grade UTUC, 66.7% for high-grade UTUC and 53.1% overall [24].…”

Section: Urinary Cytologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Sun et al [24] retrospectively analysed 61 patients in a study comparing urine cytology, FISH and p16/Ki-67 labelling. Unfortunately, p16/Ki-67 labelling had the lowest sensitivities -12.5% for low-grade UTUC, 66.7% for high-grade UTUC and 53.1% overall [24]. Nonetheless, the authors emphasized that this method might be suitable for distinguishing between low-grade and high-grade tumours.…”

Section: Urinary Cytologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Current methods facilitating diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a comprehensive literature review

Krajewski

Łaszkiewicz²,

Nowak³

et al. 2023

Current Opinion in Urology

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Purpose of reviewCurrently, kidney-sparing surgeries are considered the preferred approach in low-risk tumours and in selected high-risk patients. Therefore, accurate diagnosis of UTUC is crucial for further management. The purpose of this review is to summarize available methods facilitating the diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC). Recent findingsRecent articles propose numerous techniques of UTUC diagnosis. In this review, imaging, as well as, urinebased and endoscopic methods have been described and assessed. SummaryRegarding imaging, computed tomography urography remains a gold standard, while PET is superior in search for small lesions and nodal metastases. However, contrast-enhanced ultrasonography also shows promise. On the contrary, available urine tests, such as urinary cytology, fluorescent in-situ hybridization, Xpert, DNA methylation analysis, urine-based liquid biopsy, p16/Ki-67 dual immunolabelling, ImmunoCyt and NMP22 are either poorly researched, or not accurate enough to use solely. Finally, during ureterorenoscopy, photodynamic diagnosis and narrow-band imaging can facilitate proper visualization of the tumor. Endoluminal ultrasonography and confocal laser endomicroscopy can potentially improve staging and grading of UTUC. Also, the form tackle biopsy should be performed using a basket in papillary lesions and cold-cup biopsy of flat or sessile lesions. Even though cryobiopsy shows promise in UTUC diagnosis, in-vivo studies are necessary before it is introduced into clinical practice.

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Diagnostic performance of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Aalami

2022

Int J Clin Oncol

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The combined application of urinary liquid‐based cytology with fluorescence in situ hybridization and p16/Ki‐67 dual immunostaining is valuable for improving the early diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinomas

Cited by 5 publications

References 29 publications

Lower neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and positive programmed cell death ligand‐1 expression are favorable prognostic markers in patients treated with pembrolizumab for urothelial carcinoma

Lower neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio and positive programmed cell death ligand‐1 expression are favorable prognostic markers in patients treated with pembrolizumab for urothelial carcinoma

Current methods facilitating diagnosis of upper tract urothelial carcinoma: a comprehensive literature review

Diagnostic performance of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) in upper tract urothelial carcinoma (UTUC): a systematic review and meta-analysis

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