Patterns of deoxygenation: sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic drivers

Oschlies, Andreas; Duteil, Olaf; Getzlaff, Julia; Koeve, Wolfgang; Landolfi, Angela; Schmidtko, Sunke

doi:10.1098/rsta.2016.0325

Cited by 90 publications

(109 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…The effect of higher temperature in reducing oxygen solubility at the surface is straightforward, but models [11] suggest that the effects of reduced solubility and changes of AOU should broadly compensate. The discrepancy between models and observations [17] is particularly marked in the tropical thermocline [13], but the cause has not been adequately established. It is possible that the effects of increased stratification on ventilation, including the supply of oxygen by small-scale turbulent diffusion [12], are poorly represented in existing models.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Twelve papers were presented at the meeting, and the final versions of 10 of these are included in this volume [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Ralph Keeling (paper not included in this volume) reviewed what we know about recent oxygen trends based on results from oceanic and atmospheric O 2 measurements.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oschlies [13] considered spatial patterns of deoxygenation and their sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic drivers. Observational estimates and numerical models both indicate a significant decline in marine oxygen levels over the past decades.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Ocean ventilation and deoxygenation in a warming world: introduction and overview

Shepherd

Brewer

Oschlies

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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Changes of ocean ventilation rates and deoxygenation are two of the less obvious but important indirect impacts expected as a result of climate change on the oceans. They are expected to occur because of (i) the effects of increased stratification on ocean circulation and hence its ventilation, due to reduced upwelling, deep-water formation and turbulent mixing, (ii) reduced oxygenation through decreased oxygen solubility at higher surface temperature, and (iii) the effects of warming on biological production, respiration and remineralization. The potential socio-economic consequences of reduced oxygen levels on fisheries and ecosystems may be far-reaching and significant. At a Royal Society Discussion Meeting convened to discuss these matters, 12 oral presentations and 23 posters were presented, covering a wide range of the physical, chemical and biological aspects of the issue. Overall, it appears that there are still considerable discrepancies between the observations and model simulations of the relevant processes. Our current understanding of both the causes and consequences of reduced oxygen in the ocean, and our ability to represent them in models are therefore inadequate, and the reasons for this remain unclear. It is too early to say whether or not the socio-economic consequences are likely to be serious. However, the consequences are ecologically, biogeochemically and climatically potentially very significant, and further research on these indirect impacts of climate change via reduced ventilation and oxygenation of the oceans should be accorded a high priority. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Ocean ventilation and deoxygenation in a warming world’.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ocean ventilation and deoxygenation in a warming world: introduction and overview

Shepherd

Brewer

Oschlies

et al. 2017

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. A.

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“…The OMZs are currently expanding (Stramma et al, ), which has serious consequences for local ecosystems (Breitburg et al, ). The mechanisms controlling OMZ variability, however, are still poorly quantified (Oschlies et al, ). I focus here specifically on the role of wind synoptic variability in modulating oxygen levels in the subtropical and tropical Pacific Ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Wind Synoptic Activity Increases Oxygen Levels in the Tropical Pacific Ocean

Duteil

2019

Geophysical Research Letters

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The mechanisms controlling the variability of oxygen levels in the ocean are poorly quantified. I focus here on the impact of wind synoptic variability associated with tropical convective regions and extratropical storms. Removing the wind higher frequencies of variability (2 days to 1 month) in an atmosphere reanalysis used to force an ocean model decreases wind stress by up to 20% in the tropics and 50% in the midlatitudes, weakening wind‐driven ocean circulation by 20%. Oxygen levels decrease by up to 10 mmol/m3 in tropical oceans and 30 mmol/m3 in subtropical gyres mainly due to changes in advective processes. While a large part of the tropical oxygen anomaly has local origins, changes in oxygen levels in the subtropical gyres modulate tropical oxygen distribution. This study suggests that the “storminess” of the ocean is an important parameter that could determine the future evolution of poorly oxygenated regions.

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“…Observational Ito et al, 2017) and modeling studies (Oschlies et al, 2017) indicate an overall decline in the oceanic oxygen content over past decades. Systematic discrepancies exist for the typically low oxygen tropical thermocline, where observations suggest O 2 has decreased and most models simulate increased O 2 levels over the past decades.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Hazards of decreasing marine oxygen: the near-term and millennial-scale benefits of meeting the Paris climate targets

Battaglia¹,

Joos²

2017

Preprint

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Abstract. Ocean deoxygenation is recognized as key ecosystem stressor of the future ocean and associated climate-related ocean risks are relevant for policy decisions today. In particular, benefits of reaching the ambitious 1.5• C warming target mentioned by the Paris Agreement compared to higher temperature targets are of high interest. Here, we model oceanic oxygen, warming, and their compound hazard in terms of metabolic conditions on multi-millennial timescales for a range of temperature targets. Scenarios, where radiative forcing is stabilized by 2300, are used in ensemble simulations with the Bern3D Earth

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Patterns of deoxygenation: sensitivity to natural and anthropogenic drivers

Abstract: One contribution of 11 to a discussion meeting issue 'Ocean ventilation and deoxygenation in a warming world'.

Cited by 90 publications

References 63 publications

Ocean ventilation and deoxygenation in a warming world: introduction and overview

Ocean ventilation and deoxygenation in a warming world: introduction and overview

Wind Synoptic Activity Increases Oxygen Levels in the Tropical Pacific Ocean

Hazards of decreasing marine oxygen: the near-term and millennial-scale benefits of meeting the Paris climate targets

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