A new species of Hyphessobrycon (Characiformes, Characidae) from the upper Guaviare River, Orinoco River Basin, Colombia

Abstract

Hyphessobrycon klausanni sp. n. is described from small drainages of the upper Guaviare River (Orinoco River Basin) in Colombia. It differs from all congeners by having a wide, conspicuous, dark lateral stripe extending from the anterior margin of the eye across the body and continued through the middle caudal-fin rays, and that covers (vertically) three or four horizontal scale rows. It also differs by having an orange-yellow stripe extending from the anterosuperior margin of the eye to the caudal peduncle above the lateral line in life. It differs from all other species of Hyphessobrycon that have a similar dark lateral stripe: H. cyanotaenia, H. loretoensis, H. melanostichos, H. nigricinctus, H. herbertaxelrodi, H. eschwartzae, H. montogoi, H. psittacus, H. metae, H. margitae, H. vanzolinii, and H. peruvianus in having only three or four pored scales in the lateral line, 21 to 24 lateral scales and six teeth in the inner premaxillary row. Hyphessobrycon klausanni differs from H. loretoensis in having seven to eight maxillary teeth (vs. three to four) and in having a longer caudal peduncle (12.4–17.0% SL vs. 4.6–8.0% SL). Additionally Hyphessobrycon klausanni can be distinguished from the other species of Hyphessobrycon with a dark lateral stripe from the Orinoco River Basin (H. metae and H. acaciae) in having two teeth in the outer premaxillary row (vs. three to four) and 10 branched pectoral–fin rays (vs. 11 to 12). It further differs from H. metae by the length of the snout (17.6–22.8% HL vs. 9.9–15.2% HL) and by the length of the caudal peduncle (12.4–17.0% SL vs. 7.3–11.8% SL).

A new cryptic species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 (Characiformes, Characidae) from the Eastern Amazon, revealed by integrative taxonomy

“…Hyphessobrycon Durbin, 1908 is a species-rich characid genus comprising about 160 valid species . It is widely distributed along the river basins of the Neotropical region, from southern Mexico to the La Plata River basin in northeastern Argentina (Carvalho and Malabarba 2015;García-Alzate et al 2017;Guimarães et al 2018). The genus was first proposed as a subgenus of Hemigrammus Gill, 1858 by Durbin in Eigenmann (1908), differing from the latter only by the absence of scales covering the caudal-fin.…”

A new species of Hyphessobrycon Durbin from northeastern Brazil: evidence from morphological data and DNA barcoding (Characiformes, Characidae)

“…It is widely distributed along the river basins of the Neotropical region, from southern Mexico to the La Plata River basin in northeastern Argentina (Carvalho and Malabarba 2015, Teixeira et al 2015, Garcia-Alzate et al 2017), with highest diversity in the Amazon basin (Miquelarena and López 2006, Lima et al 2013, Bragança et al 2015, Carvalho and Malabarba 2015, Marinho et al 2016, Carvalho et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017). …”

“…It was diagnosed by an artificial combination of character states proposed by Eigenmann (1917), such as: the presence of an adipose fin; maxillary with few teeth or none; lateral line incomplete; third infraorbital bone not in contact with the sensory canal of the preopercle; premaxillary with two series of teeth; and caudal-fin lobes without scales at the base. Nevertheless, new species descriptions continue to follow this artificial combination (e.g., Ohara et al 2017, Garcia-Alzate et al 2017, Carvalho et al 2017, Moreira and Lima 2017). …”

Fishes of the Cusiana River (Meta River basin, Colombia), with an identification key to its species

“…The documentation of the ichthyofauna in cis-Andean Colombian sub-basins has been increasing during the last decade, but new records and species can likely still be found in areas previously thought to be well-sampled (e.g., Ballen 2011, Vanegas-Ríos et al 2015, Ballen et al 2016a, 2016b, Burns et al 2017, García-Alzate et al 2017). Most of the sampling effort has been carried out in the piedmont and lowland areas in the Cusiana as well as in other sub-basins, and exploration of High Andean areas could lead to the discovery of local endemic species at the basin scale that usually are underestimated (Carvajal-Quintero et al 2015).…”