We develop an all-atom force field
for a series of diketopyrrolopyrrole
polymers with two aromatic pyridine substituents and a variable number
of π-conjugated thiophene units in the backbone (DPP2Py
m
T), used as donor materials in organic photovoltaic devices.
Available intrafragment parameterizations of the individual fragment
building blocks are combined with interfragment bonded and nonbonded
parameters explicitly derived from density functional theory calculations.
To validate the force field, we perform classical molecular dynamics
simulations of single polymer chains with
m
= 1,
2, 3 in good and bad solvents and of melts. We observe the expected
dependence of the chain conformation on the solvent quality, with
the chain collapsing in water, and swelling in chloroform. The glass-transition
temperature for the polymer melts is found to be in the range of 340–370
K. Analysis of the mobility of the conjugated segments in the polymer
backbone reveals two relaxation processes: a fast one with a characteristic
time at room temperature on the order of 10 ps associated with nearly
harmonic vibrations and a slow one on the order of 100 ns associated
with temperature-activated cis–trans transitions.