Associations between Household Latrines and the Prevalence of Diarrhea in Idiofa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cha, Seungman; Lee, Jae Eun; Seo, Dong Sik; Park, Byoung Mann; Mansiangi, Paul; Hwang, Jeoung‐Yeon; Lee, Jungwook

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.16-0361

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…Children of household who had clean latrine or not faces seen around the pit or on the floor of latrine were three times less likely to develop diarrhea compared to children of household who had not clean latrine or faces seen around the pit of the latrine. This study is consistent with the study conducted in Idiofa, Democratic Republic of the Congo [17]. This explored that there is a strongly positive relationship of the presence of feces around the pit hole with the higher prevalence of diarrhea.…”

Section: Diarrhea N (%) Cor(95% Ci)supporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of Diarrhea and Associated Factors among Under Five Years Children in Harena Buluk Woreda Oromia Region, South East Ethiopia, 2018

Beyene¹,

Melku

2018

JPHI

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Background: Acute diarrheal diseases are the leading cause of preventable childhood death, especially in developing countries. It is the second leading cause of death in under-five year children nest to pneumonia. Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude and associated factors of diarrhea in under-five in Harena Buluk district. Methods: A community based Cross sectional study was conducted in February, 2018. A two stage stratified sampling method was done to select the eligible households. Data was collected by trained data collectors using pretested questionnaire list which was prepared based on EDHS and WHO core questionnaires related to diarrhea. Data was entered in to a computer using Epi data 3.1 and exported to SPSS V.20 for further analysis. Logistic regression was used to determine level of association with 95% CI. A p-value <0.05 in the final model were considered as significant. Result: The two weeks period magnitude of diarrhea among under-five children was 28.4% with 95% CI (14.5-20.8) which was associated with households with one under five children (AOR: 0.268, 95% CI(.08,0.90)), living in the home with single room ((AOR = 6.01, 95% CI(1.01,36.01)), clean latrine/faces not seen around the pit or on the floor of latrine(AOR: 0.298, 95% CI(0.097,0.92)), long time take to fetch water from source (AOR: 0.046,95%CI(0.01,0.22)), home based water treatment ((AOR = 0.15, 95% CI: (0.04, 0.62)), living with animal in the same house(AOR: 8.31, 95% CI(2.46,28.06)), children who took gruel type of food(AOR: 0.24, 95% CI(0.07,0.81)), hand washing practice before cooking food (AOR: 0.195(0.066, 0.574)). Conclusion: The two weeks period magnitude of acute under-five diarrhea was relatively high and number of under five children in the household, cleanness latrine, time taking from the source of water, home based water treatment, number of rooms in the home, live with animal in the same house, type of food child take, hand washing before food preparation had significant association with the occurrence of under-five diarrhea. Improve community about home and environmental sanitation and hand practices were recommended.

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Section: Diarrhea N (%) Cor(95% Ci)supporting

confidence: 91%

Prevalence of Diarrhea and Associated Factors among Under Five Years Children in Harena Buluk Woreda Oromia Region, South East Ethiopia, 2018

Beyene¹,

Melku

2018

JPHI

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“…Observational studies conducted to evaluate the effects of interventions that prevent human feces from entering the environment have shown that they reduce diarrheal diseases and enteric parasite infections [ 10 – 15 ]. Most of those researches, however, have focused on the construction and utilization of household-level latrines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of community-led total sanitation and hygiene implementation on diarrheal diseases prevention in children less than five years of age in South Western Ethiopia: A quasi- experimental study

Bushen¹,

Merga

Tessema

2022

PLoS ONE

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Background Lack of improved sanitation is the most important contributing factor to diarrheal disease among under-five children in low and middle-income countries. There was no study to identify the effect of Community-Led Total Sanitation and Hygiene intervention on diarrheal diseases in the study area. Hence, this study was designed with the aim of finding the effects of Community-led Total Sanitation and Hygiene implementation for preventing diarrhea among under-five children. Methods A community-based Quasi-Experimental study was conducted among a sample of 846 households selected from intervention (kersa) and comparison (mana) districts using the four-stage random cluster-sampling method. A Semi-structured questionnaire was used to collect data. The collected data was cleaned, coded, and entered into EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Difference-in Difference method with McNemar’s tests was used to compare the prevalence of diarrhea between the intervention and comparison districts, and the significance of change between the pre-test and post-test was declared at p-value less than 0.05 with 95% confidence interval. Results The intervention led to decreased diarrhea prevalence [pp = -8.2, 95% CI: -15.9, -0.5], increased latrine ownership [pp = 5.6, 95% CI: 0.5, 10.8], and increased latrine utilization [pp = 10.7, 95% CI: 4.7, 16.6] in intervention district at post-test compared to the baseline; while the presence of handwashing facility near the latrine, home-based water treatment, and proper water storage and handling practice were decreased at post-test compared to the baseline. Conclusion Implementation of Community-Led Total Sanitation improved sanitation and hygiene status of community that resulted in the reduction of diarrhea diseases in under-five children. Further implementation, evaluation, and scale-up of the interventions are needed to reduce diarrheal disease in under-five children.

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“…That latrine is associated with significant improvements in health even when they do not fully meet the conditions of improved latrines. The effect of latrines on health parameters by demonstrating that latrines have correlations with health benefits regardless of whether they are improved [12]. Indiscriminate stools are a risk factor for diarrhea in infants when in direct contact with hands when the child is playing ground in the yard or behind the house or indirectly through vectors such as flies that land on the stool and are transmitted through food.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Diarrhea accounts for 1.8 million deaths in children in lowand middle-income countries (LMICs). One of the identified strategies to prevent diarrhea is handwashing [11], [12]. Knowledge about personal hygiene and waterborne diseases but the practice of personal hygiene activities has to be improved, especially the practice of handwashing.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship Between Personal Hygiene and Incidence of Diarrhea in the Coastal Area of Kampung Bugis, Tanjungpinang City

Ikhwan¹,

Aldo²

2020

Proceedings of the 4th International Symposium on Health Research (ISHR 2019)

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Diarrhea is a condition characterized by changes in the consistency of stool from softening to melting, and at least three times a day. Diarrhea is still a public health problem in developing countries such as Indonesia, because of its high morbidity and mortality. Data on diarrhea patients from the Kampung Bugis Health Center for 2017 diarrhea patients as many as 672 in 2016 amounted to 468. The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship between personal hygiene factors to the incidence of diarrhea in the coastal area of Bugis, Tanjungpinang City. The method of this study was an analytical survey with Cross-Sectional design. The location of the research is the people who live in the Coastal Areas of Bugis Village, Tanjungpinang City. A sample of 84 people (case and control), taken by consecutive sampling. Data were analyzed using the chisquare test. The results showed that there was a relationship between latrine use behavior (OR=4.667 95% CI 1.249-17439; p=0.029); handwashing with soap (OR=4.800; 95%CI 1.251-18.421; p=0.028). Waste management (OR=4.875; 95%CI 1.274-18.649; p=0.001) with the incidence of diarrhea in the coastal area of Kampung Bugis, Tanjungpinang City. The variable most related to the incidence of diarrhea in the coastal area of Kampung Bugis in Tanjung Pinang City is a waste management facility. The prediction accuracy of the independent variable is 74%. It is recommended that the Puskesmas collaborate across sectors to improve clean behavior and be equipped with the habit of washing hands with soap.

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Associations between Household Latrines and the Prevalence of Diarrhea in Idiofa, Democratic Republic of the Congo: A Cross-Sectional Study

Cited by 12 publications

References 22 publications

Prevalence of Diarrhea and Associated Factors among Under Five Years Children in Harena Buluk Woreda Oromia Region, South East Ethiopia, 2018

Prevalence of Diarrhea and Associated Factors among Under Five Years Children in Harena Buluk Woreda Oromia Region, South East Ethiopia, 2018

Effects of community-led total sanitation and hygiene implementation on diarrheal diseases prevention in children less than five years of age in South Western Ethiopia: A quasi- experimental study

The Relationship Between Personal Hygiene and Incidence of Diarrhea in the Coastal Area of Kampung Bugis, Tanjungpinang City

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