Platelet storage performance is consistent by donor: a pilot study comparing “good” and “poor” storing platelets

Abstract

BACKGROUND:In retrospective studies, it has been shown that differences in storage variables of platelet (PLT) concentrates (PCs) are partially donor dependent. It was our aim to prospectively determine the donor effect on PLT quality. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:Based on quality control data of outdated apheresis PCs, male donors were selected with at least one PC with a pH value of more than 7.0 ("good," n 5 6) or one PC with a pH value of less than 6.7 ("poor," n 5 6) on Day 8. These donors donated a PC (Trima Accel, Terumo) and completed a short questionnaire about their health and lifestyle. PCs were stored for 12 days and analyzed at regular intervals for in vitro quality.RESULTS: Donor characteristics were comparable, except that zero of six good and four of six poor donors reported high blood pressure and/or high cholesterol/fat and/or use of medicines. Lactate production in good PCs was lower than that in poor PCs (0.09 6 0.03 mmol/day/ 10 11 PLTs vs. 0.13 6 0.04 mmol/day/10 11 PLTs, p < 0.05) resulting in a higher pH from Day 5 onward. At the end of storage, the good PCs showed lower CD62P expression, lower phosphatidylserine exposure, and higher mitochondrial membrane potential. PLT functional properties were only slightly different. Despite having lower pH, the poor PCs also fulfilled European Guidelines during 7-day storage.CONCLUSION: Platelet storage performance is consistent when donors are dichotomized as having good or poor storing PLTs. Metabolic differences are perhaps due to different functionality of the mitochondria. More research is needed to establish the underlying causes and the implications for donors and blood products.P latelet (PLT) concentrates (PCs) are stored at room temperature for a short period of 5 to 7 days because a gradual loss of in vitro quality takes place, which is called storage lesion. Storage time is also restricted to minimize the risk of bacterial growth. Much research has been done to improve PLT preparation and storage. Among others, important conditions for storage are PLT count and number, the gas permeability of the plastic container (material, surface area), temperature (20-248C), and the storage medium (plasma, PLT additive solutions [ASs]). 1Besides technical and physical conditions, there is a donor effect, resulting in biologic variance of in vitro PLT quality, as was previously shown investigating single-donor PCs.2 After a 12-day storage period, a broad range of in vitro data showed some PCs with very good and some with very poor quality (pH, ABBREVIATIONS: HDL 5 high-density lipoprotein; HSR 5 hypotonic shock response; L/G 5 ratio of lactate production over glucose consumption; MMP 5 mitochondrial membrane potential; PC(s) 5 platelet concentrate(s); PS 5 phosphatidylserine; TEG 5 thromboelastographic.From the

Platelet storage properties are associated with donor age: in vitro quality of platelets from young donors and older donors with and without Type 2 diabetes

“…Previously we have shown that, with regard to the PSL, also a donor‐related effect can be distinguished. Donors can be classified as having PLTs with good, moderate or poor storage properties , and in a pilot study, we demonstrated that PLT storage performance was consistent by donor . This was supported by an analysis of quality control data of pH measurements .…”

“…Flow cytometric assays were used to determine expression of the activation marker CD62P with fluorescent ly labelled anti‐CD62P , binding of fluorescently labelled Annexin A5 as a marker for phosphatidylserine (PS) exposure and the mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) with the dye JC‐1 . The MMP was expressed by the ratio of mean fluorescence intensity of the FL2 and FL1 detectors.…”

“…Changes in fluorescence at 450 nm were detected after excitation at 340 nm (Infinite 200 Pro, Tecan, Männedorf, Switzerland). In addition, extracts of the good or poor storing sPCs were analysed with high‐performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to assess the level of nucleotides, as described earlier in detail .…”

“…Both observations suggest a relative lower contribution of mitochondria from aged subjects to ATP production. On the donor level, there are also indications that donors with ‘poor’‐storing PCs are more likely to have health issues pointing towards Metabolic Syndrome (MetSyn) and T2D . MetSyn is a strong predictor for T2D and is characterized by reduced high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL‐C), elevated waist circumference, triglyceride levels, blood pressure, fasting glucose and/or drug treatment for one of these health issues.…”

The impact of refrigerated storage of UVC pathogen inactivated platelet concentrates on in vitro platelet quality parameters

“…e). Interestingly, significant hyperpolarisation of the mitochondrial membrane potential was evident in the RT‐stored units, which has recently been reported to occur in stored platelets . The precise mechanism mediating this change is not well established.…”