Dispositional, demographic, and social predictors of trajectories of intimate partner aggression in early adulthood.

Abstract

Objective From a developmental systems perspective, the origins of maladjusted behavior are multifaceted, interdependent, and may differ at different points in development. Personality traits influence developmental outcomes, as do socialization environments, but the influence of personality depends on the socialization environment, and the influence of the socialization environment varies according to personality. The present study takes a developmental systems approach to investigate pathways through which dispositional traits in childhood might act in concert with peer and parental socialization contexts to predict trajectories of intimate partner aggression (IPA) during emerging adulthood. Method The study included 466 participants (49% male, 81% European American, 15% African American) from a longitudinal study of social development. Measures of demographics, temperament, personality, parent-child relations, romantic relationships, peer relationships, and IPA were administered between 5 and 23 years of age. The study used latent growth curve analysis to predict variations in trajectories of IPA during early adulthood. Results Numerous variables predicted risk for the perpetration of IPA, but different factors were associated at the end of adolescence (e.g., psychopathic traits) than with changes across early adulthood (e.g., friend antisociality). Males and individuals with a history of resistance to control temperament showed enhanced susceptibility to social risk factors, such as exposure to antisocial peers and poor parent-adolescent relations. Conclusions Consistent with a developmental systems perspective, multiple factors, including personality traits in early childhood and aspects of the social environment in adolescence predict trajectories of IPA during early adulthood through additive, mediated, and moderated pathways. Knowledge of these risk factors and for whom they are most influential could help inform efforts to prevent the emergence and persistence of IPA.

New approaches for estimation of effect sizes and their confidence intervals for treatment effects from randomized controlled trials

“…GMA d has now been reported in hundreds of RCTs (e.g. Chorpita et al, 2017;Felder, Epel, Lewis, Cunningham, Tobin, et al, 2017;Goodnight et al, 2017;Parra-Cardona et al, 2017;Stice, Rohde, Shaw, & Gau, 2017). As with classical d, GMA d is not reported in statistical outputs and has previously been obtained only with a two-step approach that uses a post hoc equation at step 2.…”

Time-Varying Effect Sizes for Quadratic Growth Models in Multilevel and Latent Growth Modeling

“…Although GMA d has now been reported in hundreds of studies, particularly evaluations of interventions ( e.g., Chorpita et al, 2017; Felder et al, 2017; Goodnight et al, 2017; Parra-Cardona, et al, 2017; Stice, Rohde, Shaw, & Gau, 2017), its use has been restricted to linear models. By convention, linear models are fit when GMAs are conducted with data collected at three time points (e.g., baseline, end of RCT, and a follow-up).…”

Intimate Partner Violence and Child Custody Evaluation: A Model for Preliminary Clinical Intervention

“…Research has focused on risk factors for violence within the couple relationship, and many variables have been analyzed as predictive of violent behaviors (e.g., childhood experiences and history, socio-demographic characteristics, intrapersonal and interpersonal variables, biological factors) (see for example, Capaldi et al, 2012 ; Dim and Elabor-Idemudia, 2017 ; Goodnight et al, 2017 ; Chester and DeWall, 2018 ). In particular, this paper focuses on the association between violence and separation or divorce.…”

“…In particular, perpetrators of IPV often present some symptoms of psychopathology such as antisocial or borderline personality disorders (Chester and DeWall, 2018 ). Some psychological traits could also be considered as predictive factors/risk factors for IPV (Ulloa et al, 2016 ; Goodnight et al, 2017 ). For example, a lack or a fatigue in self-control and self-regulation is an important predictor of IPV perpetration (Finkel et al, 2009 ; Chester and DeWall, 2018 ).…”