Despite the advances in the field of hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), the morbidity and mortality, especially after allogeneic HCT, remain a concern. In this context, infectious diseases represent important complications after the procedure. 1,2 Different factors and clinical characteristics have been associated with the risk of infections among HCT recipients. 2 Moreover, a timeline for infections has been described based on the phases where the recipients are most vulnerable. Although artificial, due to variations in the timing and length of the intervals, the most accepted timeline for infections is preengraftment, early postengraftment, and late postengraftment, 1,2 which has proven to be helpful to manage HCT recipients. Autologous HCT recipients are mostly at risk of infections during the first two phases, whereas patients undergoing allogeneic HCT are vulnerable to infections during all three. Nonetheless, in any type of HCT, the interval of profound neutropenia is usually a period that