Serial Changes in Complete Blood Counts in Patients with Leptospirosis: Our Experience

Adiga, Deepa; Venugopal, Harini; Mittal, Sowmya

doi:10.7860/jcdr/2017/25706.9836

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…The vast variations in clinical presentations hinder the early accurate diagnosis, hence laboratory confirmation is critically needed to support the manifested signs and symptoms for initiating the treatment. In the present study, 92/165 patients with clinical manifestations suggesting leptospirosis were confirmed https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0008197.g001 .07, which is in agreement with several other studies that ranged between 38.9-45 years [23][24][25][26][27]. About two thirds of the patients (n = 60; 65%) were males as observed in most studies [24-26, 28, 29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira kirschneri are the dominant Leptospira species causing human leptospirosis in Central Malaysia

et al. 2020

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Background Leptospirosis, commonly known as rat-urine disease, is a global but endemic zoonotic disease in the tropics. Despite the historical report of leptospirosis in Malaysia, the information on human-infecting species is limited. Determining the circulating species is important to understand its epidemiology, thereby to strategize appropriate control measures through public health interventions, diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccine development. Methodology/Principle findings We investigated the human-infecting Leptospira species in blood and serum samples collected from clinically suspected leptospirosis patients admitted to three tertiary care hospitals in Malaysia. From a total of 165 patients, 92 (56%) were confirmed cases of leptospirosis through Microscopic Agglutination Test (MAT) (n = 43; 47%), Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) (n = 63; 68%) or both MAT and PCR (n = 14; 15%). The infecting Leptospira spp., determined by partial 16S rDNA (rrs) gene sequencing revealed two pathogenic species namely Leptospira interrogans (n = 44, 70%) and Leptospira kirschneri (n = 17, 27%) and one intermediate species Leptospira wolffii (n = 2, 3%). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) identified an isolate of L. interrogans as a novel sequence type (ST 265),

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira kirschneri are the dominant Leptospira species causing human leptospirosis in Central Malaysia

et al. 2020

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“…promoted the formation of mixed platelet–neutrophil aggregates. Thrombocytopenia is a common feature of leptospirosis, but its origin is still not clear (Adiga, Mittal, Venugopal, & Mittal, ; de Silva et al, ; Goeijenbier et al, ; Raffray et al, ; Tunjungputri et al, ). In this regard, the formation of circulating mixed aggregates could represent a possible mechanism that accounts for the clearance of platelets and the consequent thrombocytopenia.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leptospiraspecies promote a pro‐inflammatory phenotype in human neutrophils

Charó

Scharrig

Ferrer

et al. 2018

Cellular Microbiology

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Leptospirosis is a global zoonosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira. Neutrophils are key cells against bacterial pathogens but can also contribute to tissue damage. Because the information regarding the role of human neutrophils in leptospirosis is scant, we comparatively analysed the human neutrophil's response to saprophytic Leptospira biflexa serovar Patoc (Patoc) and the pathogenic Leptospira interrogans serovar Copenhageni (LIC). Both species triggered neutrophil responses involved in migration, including the upregulation of CD11b expression, adhesion to collagen, and the release of IL‐8. In addition, both species increased levels of pro‐inflammatory IL‐1β and IL‐6 associated with the inflammasome and NFκB pathway activation and delayed neutrophil apoptosis. LIC was observed on the neutrophil surface and not phagocytized. In contrast, Patoc generated intracellular ROS associated with its uptake. Neutrophils express the TYRO3, AXL, and MER receptor protein tyrosine kinases (TAM), but only LIC selectively increased the level of AXL. TLR2 but not TLR4‐blocking antibodies abrogated the IL‐8 secretion triggered by both Leptospira species. In summary, we demonstrate that Leptospira species trigger a robust neutrophil activation and pro‐inflammatory response. These findings may be useful to find new diagnostic markers and therapeutic strategies against leptospirosis.

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“…The outbreak of these infections is common during and after the rainy season. Clinical symptoms of these infections intersect each other and those seen in leptospirosis, typhoid fever and rickettsial infections 1,2,6‐9 . The latter three, though not as common as malaria and dengue fever, pose diagnostic difficulties in their early phases.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Clinical symptoms of these infections intersect each other and those seen in leptospirosis, typhoid fever and rickettsial infections. 1,2,[6][7][8][9] The latter three, though not as common as malaria and dengue fever, pose diagnostic difficulties in their early phases. The clinical presentation can vary from a mild febrile illness to lethal complications such as disseminated intravascular coagulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discriminant value of automated leucocyte VCS parameters in the detection of tropical infections

Muthunatarajan

Basavaiah

Shenoy

et al. 2021

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Introduction: In India, infectious diseases are a leading treatable cause of morbidity and mortality. Mangalore being endemic to many vector-borne diseases, their incidence is known to show seasonal variations with sharp increase during monsoon.Leucocytes have substantial role in the immunological pathogenesis of infections. Methods:The present series was a hospital-based cross-sectional study performed in a tertiary care hospital for a period of three months from June-August wherein the cell population data of cases of malaria, dengue, leptospirosis, typhoid and rickettsial infections along with equal number of healthy controls were collected and analysed.Effectiveness of leucocyte-related volume (V), conductivity (C) and scatter (S) parameters by Coulter®DXH800 haematology analyser in predicting these infections was appraised.Results: A total of 324 cases comprising of malaria (50%), dengue (30.9%), leptospirosis (13.9%), typhoid (4.0%) and rickettsial infections (1.2%) were included. There was statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in the mean values of complete blood count parameters-haemoglobin, total leucocyte count, red blood cell count, haematocrit, red cell distribution width, differential leucocyte count, platelet count and plateletcrit between cases and controls and also between specific infections. The mean volumes of neutrophil, monocyte and lymphocyte were considerably increased in malaria and dengue fever compared to leptospirosis, typhoid and rickettsial infections. VCS parameters were the least altered in typhoid fever, except for a strikingly high conductivity and scatter of eosinophils.Conclusions: Haematological analysis is a part of routine evaluation of any case of febrile illness. This study showed that there are specific alterations in VCS parameters in different types of infections such as malaria, dengue, leptospira, typhoid and rickettsia, the information and analysis of which comes without any additional cost.This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited and is not used for commercial purposes.

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Serial Changes in Complete Blood Counts in Patients with Leptospirosis: Our Experience

Abstract: Complete blood count is a routine test done in the monitoring of patients with leptospirosis. Declining haemoglobin, marked thrombocytopenia and a normal to high total leukocyte count will help in early detection of severe disease and thus preventing mortality by timely management.

Cited by 7 publications

References 15 publications

Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira kirschneri are the dominant Leptospira species causing human leptospirosis in Central Malaysia

Leptospira interrogans and Leptospira kirschneri are the dominant Leptospira species causing human leptospirosis in Central Malaysia

Leptospiraspecies promote a pro‐inflammatory phenotype in human neutrophils

Discriminant value of automated leucocyte VCS parameters in the detection of tropical infections

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