Microbiological control and antibacterial action of a propolis-containing mouthwash and control of dental plaque in humans

Santiago, Karina Basso; Piana, Gilce Maria; Conti, Bruno José; Cardoso, Eliza de Oliveira; Andrade, Bruna Fernanda Murbach Teles; Zanutto, Mirella Rossitto; Rall, Vera Lúcia Mores; Fernandes, Adalton Mazetti; Sforcin, José Maurício

doi:10.1080/14786419.2017.1344664

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Nine randomized clinical trials (RCT) involving 333 patients were included in this systematic review [ 8 , 11 , 14 , 17 – 22 ] (Table 1 ). Four studies were conducted in India [ 14 , 20 – 22 ], two in Brazil [ 17 , 18 ], one in Iran [ 11 ], one in Iraq [ 19 ], and one in the UK [ 8 ]. Number of subjects ranged between 10 and 60 subjects.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Propolis has shown strong antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory properties, making it a good candidate for treatment and prevention of oral diseases [ 12 , 14 – 16 ]. In this context, a number of clinical trials have investigated the efficacy of propolis on plaque and gingivitis, and conflicting results were reported [ 8 , 14 , 17 , 18 ]. While some studies found equal or even superior efficacy in favor of propolis [ 17 – 22 ], others reported better efficacy with CHX [ 8 , 14 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Efficacy of propolis-based mouthwashes on dental plaque and gingival inflammation: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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Background This systematic review of randomized clinical trials aimed to evaluate the available evidence regarding the efficacy of propolis-based mouthwash on dental plaque and gingival inflammation. Methods PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched up to November 2019. Clinical trials that evaluated the efficacy of propolis mouthwashes compared with chlorhexidine (CHX) were included. The primary outcomes comprised dental plaque and/or gingival inflammation. Two authors assessed the risk of bias using the Cochrane tool. Due to marked heterogeneity of the available data, studies were assessed qualitatively, and no metaanalysis was performed. Results Nine clinical trials, comprising 333 subjects, fulfilled the eligibility criteria. Most of the included studies showed high risk of bias. Overall, propolis mouthwashes showed good efficacy on plaque and gingivitis in all of the included studies. Out of the eight studies that reported on plaque index, 5 studies found equal efficacy of propolis and CHX in reducing plaque, two studies found superior efficacy in favor of CHX, while one study found superior efficacy in favor of propolis. Six studies assessed gingival inflammation outcome, four of which reported better results with propolis, while two studies reported comparable results. Conclusions The results suggest that propolis-based mouthwashes have potential benefits in reducing plaque and gingival inflammation. However, methodological limitations along with small sample sizes in some of the included studies weaken the strength of the evidence. Therefore, further well-designed clinical trials with large sample sizes and adequate follow-up period are recommended to discern the efficacy of propolis mouthwash on plaque and gingivitis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of propolis-based mouthwashes on dental plaque and gingival inflammation: a systematic review

et al. 2020

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“…A toothpaste with 3% propolis improved oral health in patients with and without gingivitis caused by dental plaques (Tanasiewicz et al, ). A mouthwash with propolis employed for 14 consecutive days was as effective as CHX in the control of dental plaque as assessed on the “Patient Hygiene Performance Index” (Santiago et al, ). Despite reports of allergic reactions, propolis is relatively nontoxic with a no‐effect level of 1,400 mg/kg body weight/day in mice (Burdock, 1998).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FIGURE 2 Antimicrobial effects of black garlic, propolis, Nigella sativa, and Spilanthes on total human salivary bacteria after an incubation time of 24 hr. The untreated salivary bacteria (negative control) was set to 100% as the baseline and bacterial survival after treatment was calculated as percent of the negative control 14 consecutive days was as effective as CHX in the control of dental plaque as assessed on the "Patient Hygiene Performance Index" (Santiago et al, 2017). Despite reports of allergic reactions, propolis is relatively nontoxic with a no-effect level of 1,400 mg/kg body weight/ day in mice (Burdock, 1998).…”

Section: Propolis (In%)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Activity of preparations from Spilanthes oleracea, propolis, Nigella sativa, and black garlic on different microorganisms involved in oral diseases and on total human salivary bacteria: A pilot study

Vlachojannis

Chrubasik‐Hausmann

Hellwig

et al. 2018

Phytotherapy Research

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Due to continuous rise in antibiotic resistance, there is a need for alternative treatment options to reduce the levels of oral pathogens for the maintenance of oral as well as overall health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the in vitro antibacterial potential of tinctures of Spilanthes oleracea and propolis, Nigella seed oil, and an ethanolic extract of black garlic on microorganisms involved in oral diseases. Both the minimum inhibitory concentration assay and the minimum bactericidal/fungicidal concentration assay were used in this study. Inhibition effects against total human salivary bacteria were also determined. Our results show that all of the preparations tested had potent antimicrobial activities. When measured 10 min after exposure, even low concentrations of the propolis tincture were found to have killed more than 99% of salivary bacteria, whereas Spilanthes tincture and black garlic extract killed more than 90% and Nigella seed oil more than 60% of the pathogens. This suggests that all preparations are promising candidates for the use in oral health care products and that all have the potential to control biofilm associated infections.

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“…It may systematically be explained by demineralization of the inorganic part of teeth (enamel) and by degradation of organic substances (dentin). It consists in an intermittent process that may advance as the result of several remission and recurrence phases which may result in total destruction of a tooth when the disease is not treated (Santiago et al, 2018). Current antibacterial agents used for treating oral health problems have led to different side effects, such as diarrhea and vomit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro evaluation of anticaries, antimycobacterial, antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils from Eremanthus erythropappus and of α-bisabolol, their major sesquiterpene

et al. 2020

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Interest in researches into medicinal plants and therapeutic effects of essential oils (EOs) on humans has increased over the last few years. Eremanthus erythropappus, known as candeia, is a Brazilian aromatic herbaceous plant whose α-bisabolol-rich oil has been used in several cosmetic preparations. This paper reports in vitro anticaries, antimycobacterial, antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of EOs from E. erythropappus leaves (EL-EO) and stalks (ES-EO), besides α-bisabolol, their main sesquiterpene. EL-EO and ES-EO were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed by GC-FID and GC-MS. α-Bisabolol, cis-α-bisabolene and β-bisabolene were identified as their major constituents. Antibacterial activity of EOs was evaluated against eight standard strains of pathogens from the American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) by determining minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) with the use of the microdilution method. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Streptococcus mutans, S. mitis, S. sanguinis, S. sobrinus, S. salivarius, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, M. avium and M. kansasii. EL-EO, ES-EO and α-bisabolol exhibited high leishmanicidal activity against promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis; IC50 values were 9.22 µg/mL, 6.00 µg/mL and 3.12 µg/mL, respectively. The 50% cytotoxic concentrations (CC50) of EL-EO, ES-EO and α-bisabolol against mouse peritoneal macrophages were 24.65 µg/mL, 8.87 µg/mL and 1021.00 µg/mL, respectively. These results suggest that EOs from E. erythropappus seem to be very promising for the development of new bactericidal and leishmanicidal agents.

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Microbiological control and antibacterial action of a propolis-containing mouthwash and control of dental plaque in humans

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Efficacy of propolis-based mouthwashes on dental plaque and gingival inflammation: a systematic review

Efficacy of propolis-based mouthwashes on dental plaque and gingival inflammation: a systematic review

Activity of preparations from Spilanthes oleracea, propolis, Nigella sativa, and black garlic on different microorganisms involved in oral diseases and on total human salivary bacteria: A pilot study

In vitro evaluation of anticaries, antimycobacterial, antileishmanial and cytotoxic activities of essential oils from Eremanthus erythropappus and of α-bisabolol, their major sesquiterpene

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