Model identifies causes of nasal drying during pressurised breathing

White, David E.; Nates, Roy J.; Bartley, Jim

doi:10.1016/j.resp.2017.06.002

Cited by 8 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…[ 32 ]. Mucosal ASL water supply and reabsorption based on physiological data [ 46, 47 ]. Calculation of state variables is undertaken over a complete breathing cycle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, heat and water mass transfer coefficients are calculated at small incremental distances along the airway [ 46 ], rather than interpolating the sparse empirical data obtained from cadaver studies [ 12 , 45 ]. For brevity, previous modelling work is not reviewed; rather, emphasis is given to describing the new attributes built into the model.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This model considers the two complex nasal cavities as a series ( k ) of aligned tubes of varying hydraulic diameter as a resistance network that provides two parallel airflow paths between the nares and nasopharynx [ 46 ]. Geometric analysis of each airway is calculated from an individual’s MRI in-vivo data, obtained from the group’s previous work [ 48 ], and analysed at discrete segments, or ‘lumps’, along each airway.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model demonstrates functional purpose of the nasal cycle

2015

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BackgroundDespite the occurrence of the nasal cycle being well documented, the functional purpose of this phenomenon is not well understood. This investigation seeks to better understand the physiological objective of the nasal cycle in terms of airway health through the use of a computational nasal air-conditioning model.MethodA new state-variable heat and water mass transfer model is developed to predict airway surface liquid (ASL) hydration status within each nasal airway. Nasal geometry, based on in-vivo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data is used to apportion inter-nasal air flow.ResultsThe results demonstrate that the airway conducting the majority of the airflow also experiences a degree of ASL dehydration, as a consequence of undertaking the bulk of the heat and water mass transfer duties. In contrast, the reduced air conditioning demand within the other airway allows its ASL layer to remain sufficiently hydrated so as to support continuous mucociliary clearance.ConclusionsIt is quantitatively demonstrated in this work how the nasal cycle enables the upper airway to accommodate the contrasting roles of air conditioning and the removal of entrapped contaminants through fluctuation in airflow partitioning between each airway.

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“…[ 32 ]. Mucosal ASL water supply and reabsorption based on physiological data [ 46, 47 ]. Calculation of state variables is undertaken over a complete breathing cycle.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Model demonstrates functional purpose of the nasal cycle

2015

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“…Up to 65% of OSA patients receiving nasal CPAP report nasal complications suggestive of mucosal drying . It has been shown that CPAP from 5 to 15 cm H 2 O reduce the mucosal airway surface liquid (ASL) supply of bovine tracheal mucosa by 22% . Although it is not clear yet how this happens and what are the underlying mechanisms, it indicates that reduced ASL may cause airway drying symptoms.…”

Section: Pressure‐related Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although it is not clear yet how this happens and what are the underlying mechanisms, it indicates that reduced ASL may cause airway drying symptoms. A model has been developed to identify the causes of nasal dryness with CPAP . This model showed that both nostrils at the same time experience severe ASL dehydration through pressurized breathing.…”

Section: Pressure‐related Side Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical side effects of continuous positive airway pressure in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

Ghadiri

Grunstein

2020

Respirology

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CPAP is considered the gold standard treatment in OSA and is highly efficacious in controlling OSA symptoms. However, treatment effectiveness is limited because of many factors including low adherence due to side effects. This review highlights the range of side effects associated with CPAP therapy in patients with OSA. This information is important for the initiation of patients onto CPAP as well as their continued care while on treatment, given the increase in non-medically supervised CPAP care models in use globally.

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