Salmonella Heidelberg: Genetic profile of its antimicrobial resistance related to extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)

Abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic and genotypic profile of antimicrobial susceptibility and the possible involvement of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) in the resistance profile of Salmonella Heidelberg (SH) isolated from chicken meat. We used 18 SH isolates from chicken meat produced in 2013 in the state of Paraná, Southern Brazil. The isolates were submitted to disk-diffusion tests and from these results it was possible to determine the number of isolates considered multiresistant and the index of multiple antimicrobial resistance (IRMA) against ten antimicrobials routinely used in human and veterinary medicine. It was considered multidrug resistant the isolate that showed resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics. Another test performed was the disc-approximation in order to investigate interposed zones of inhibition, indicative of ESBLs production. In the isolates that presented multidrug resistance (18/18), a search of resistance genes involved in the production of ESBLs was performed using PCR: blaCMY-2, blaSHV-1, blaTEM-1, blaCTX-M2, blaOXA-1, blaPSE-1 and AmpC. The overall antimicrobial resistance was 80.55%. The highest levels of resistance were observed for nalidixic acid and ceftiofur (100%). The most commonly resistance pattern found (42.1%) was A (penicillin-cephalosporin-quinolone-tetracycline). The results were negative for ghost zone formation, indicative of ESBLs. However, PCR technique was able to detect resistance genes via ESBLs where the blaTEM-1 gene showed the highest amplification (83.33%), and the second most prevalent genes were blaCMY-2 (38.88%) and AmpC gene (38.88%). The blaOXA-1 and blaPSE-1 genes were not detected. These results are certainly of concern since SH is becoming more prevalent in the South of Brazil and able to cause severe disease in immune compromised individuals, showing high antimicrobial resistance to those drugs routinely used in the treatment and control of human and animal salmonellosis.

Diversity and Antimicrobial Resistance Genotypes in Non-Typhoidal Salmonella Isolates from Poultry Farms in Uganda

“…The gene bla TEM-1, is reported to be the most widely distributed of the β-lactamase genes worldwide [ 52 ] and is mainly known to be spread by plasmids. Not much information is available on the occurrence of beta-lactamase encoding genes in isolates from poultry in Uganda, but similar results have been reported in studies elsewhere [ 69 , 70 , 71 ]. Carriage of the bla TEM-1 gene is a threat to the potency of β-lactam antibiotics and in the case of Uganda, ampicillin is still widely used in human and veterinary medicine.…”

Molecular characterization and antimicrobial resistance profiles of Salmonella Heidelberg isolates from poultry

“…Moreover, the isolates show high prevalence of resistance to nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin (FQ), a fact also observed by other authors in isolates from poultry (Casas et al, 2016;van den Berg et al, 2019). Similarly, an increasing number of isolates have been characterized as MDR to many antimicrobials by several authors (Giuriatti et al, 2017). Resistance to TGCs and resistance to FQ are usually associated, and these antibiotics are the first choice for the treatment of human salmonellosis (Wen et al, 2017), which represents a serious threat for the public health.…”

<p>Molecular Detection Of Multidrug-Resistant <em>Salmonella</em> Isolated From Livestock Production Systems In South Africa</p>

“…51,67 The prevalence of bla CMY-2 in the current study was similar to a previous study which reported a rate of 38.88%. 75 The high prevalence of beta-lactam degrading genetic determinants in this study is of concern because extended beta-lactams such as ceftriaxone are the drug of choice for salmonellosis treatment in children and pregnant women. 42 The prevalence of tetC, dfrA7 and bla TEM-1 genes was significantly (p<0.05) associated with farm location ( Table 5).…”