Effects of varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy on arterial elasticity, endothelial glycocalyx and oxidative stress during a 3-month smoking cessation program

Ikonomidis, Ignatios; Marinou, Margarita; Vlastos, Dimitrios; Kourea, Kallirrhoe; Andreadou, Ioanna; Liarakos, Nikolaos; Triantafyllidi, Helen; Pavlidis, George; Tsougos, Elias; Parissis, John; Lekakis, John

doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2017.05.012

Cited by 53 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…The investigators performing PWV measurements were blind to the study data. Inter and intra observer variability of this this method have been previously reported for our laboratory …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inter and intra observer variability of this this method have been previously reported for our laboratory. 22 The newly proposed index of AV coupling was calculated as the ratio of the arterial stiffness measured with PWV and the myocardial performance estimated with GLS (PWV/GLS ratio) and was compared with the widely used E a /E es ratio calculated by echocardiography as described above.…”

Section: Aortic Stiffness and Arterial Ventricular Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulse wave velocity to global longitudinal strain ratio in hypertension

Ikonomidis

Katsanos

Triantafyllidi

et al. 2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

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Background Arterial elastance to left ventricular elastance ratio assessed by echocardiography is widely used as a marker of ventricular‐arterial coupling. Materials and methods We investigated whether the ratio of carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity, as a marker of arterial stiffness, to global longitudinal strain, as a marker of left ventricular performance, could be better associated with vascular and cardiac damage than the established arterial elastance/left ventricular elastance index. In 299 newly‐diagnosed untreated hypertensives we measured, carotid‐femoral pulse wave velocity, and carotid intima‐media thickness, coronary‐flow reserve, arterial elastance/left ventricular elastance, global longitudinal strain, and markers of left ventricular diastolic function (E/A and E’) by echocardiography. Results Pulse wave velocity‐to‐global longitudinal strain ratio (PWV/GLS) was lower in hypertensives than controls (−0.61 ± 0.21 vs −0.45 ± 0.11 m/sec%, P < 0.001). Low PWV/GLS values were associated with carotid‐intima media thickness > 0.9 mm (P = 0.003), E/A ≤ 0.8 (P = 0.019) and E’ ≤ 9 cm/sec (P = 0.002) and coronary‐flow reserve < 2.5 (P = 0.017), after adjustment for age, sex and mean arterial pressure. Low PWV/GLS was also associated with increased left ventricular mass and left atrial volume in the univariate (P = 0.003 and 0.038) but not in the multivariate model. In hypertensives, there was no significant association of arterial elastance‐to‐left ventricular elastance index with carotid intima media thickness, coronary flow reserve, E/A, E’, or left atrial volume with the exception of an inverse association with left ventricular mass (P = 0.027). Conclusions Pulse wave velocity‐to‐global longitudinal strain ratio but not the echocardiography‐derived arterial elastance‐to left ventricular elastance index is related to impaired carotid‐intima media thickness, coronary‐flow reserve and diastolic function in hypertensives.

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“…The investigators performing PWV measurements were blind to the study data. Inter and intra observer variability of this this method have been previously reported for our laboratory …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Aortic Stiffness and Arterial Ventricular Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulse wave velocity to global longitudinal strain ratio in hypertension

Ikonomidis

Katsanos

Triantafyllidi

et al. 2018

Eur J Clin Investigation

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“…In a previous study, we showed that a smoking cessation program using varenicline or nicotine replacement therapy for 3 months resulted in EG restoration. 47 In this study, a trend toward an inverse relationship between HDL-C and PBR 5-9 (P = 0.06) was revealed only in the small group of smokers (n = 32). We hypothesize that smoking could not overcome the beneficial role of extremely elevated HDL-C levels in endothelial function in our hypertensive population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 43%

HDL cholesterol levels and endothelial glycocalyx integrity in treated hypertensive patients

Triantafyllidi

Benas

Vlachos

et al. 2018

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Endothelial dysfunction indicates target organ damage in hypertensive patients. The integrity of endothelial glycocalyx (EG) plays a vital role in vascular permeability, inflammation and elasticity, and finally to cardiovascular disease. The authors aimed to investigate the role of increased HDL cholesterol (HDL‐C) levels, which usually are considered protective against cardiovascular disease, in EG integrity in older hypertensive patients. The authors studied 120 treated hypertensive patients older than 50 years were divided regarding HDL‐C tertiles in group HDLH (HDL‐C ≥ 71 mg/dL, upper HDL‐C tertile) and group HDLL (HDL‐C < 71 mg/dL, two lower HDL‐C tertiles). Increased perfusion boundary region (PBR) of the sublingual arterial microvessels (ranging from 5 to 9 µm) using Sideview Darkfield imaging (Microscan, Glycocheck) was measured as a non‐invasive accurate index of reduced EG thickness. PBR 5‐9 was significantly decreased in group HDLH (P = 0.04). In the whole population, HDL‐C was inversely but moderately related to PBR 5‐9 (r = −0.22, P = 0.01). In a multiple linear regression analysis model, using age, BMI, smoking habit, HDL‐C, LDL‐C, and office SBP, as independent variables, the authors found that BMI (β = 0.25, P = 0.006) independently predicted PBR 5‐9 in the whole population. In older hypertensive patients, HDL‐C ranging between 71 and 101 mg/dL might moderately protect EG and subsequently endothelial function. Future studies in several groups of low‐ or high‐risk hypertensives are needed in order to evaluate the beneficial role of extremely elevated HDL‐C regarding cardiovascular risk evaluation as well as endothelial glycocalyx as a novel index of target organ damage in essential hypertension.

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“…Diabetes mellitus was defined as the presence of fasting hyperglycemia (fasting plasma glucose ≥7.0 mmol/L or 126 mg/dL) or 2‐hour plasma glucose ≥11.1 mmol/L (or 200 mg/dL) or HbA1c ≥6.5% (or 48 mmol/mol) or in the presence of antidiabetic drug therapy . Current smokers were those patients who smoked more than five cigarettes per day …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 Current smokers were those patients who smoked more than five cigarettes per day. 21 The Arteriograph (TensioMed TensioClinic Arteriograph TL1, Tensiomed Ltd.) was used to record aortic PWV (aPWV) and central systolic BP (SBP) (cSBP). Arm circumferences were measured to define the correct choice of cuff size (two sizes available: 24-34 and 32-42 cm).…”

Section: Data Collection and Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of impaired arterial wall properties with the presence of coronary artery disease in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms

Rafouli‐Stergiou

Ikonomidis

Katsiki

et al. 2020

J of Clinical Hypertension

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Pulse wave velocity (PWV) is a valid, clinically feasible marker of arterial stiffening, and a strong predictor of outcomes. The present study aimed to compare aortic elastic properties in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA), with or without coronary artery disease (CAD), as well as healthy individuals. A total of 130 patients with AAA, eligible for interventional repair, and 30 healthy individuals, comprising the control group (HC), were enrolled. Presence of CAD was identified by coronary angiography. Aortic PWV (aPWV) was measured using the Arteriograph. aPWV was found considerably higher in AAA patients compared with HC group (11.5 ± 2.9 vs 7.3 ± 1.6 m/s, P < .001). Importantly, among patients with AAA, those with concomitant CAD (n = 41) had greater aPWV than those without CAD (12.5 ± 2.9 vs 11.0 ± 3.0 m/s, P = .03). In receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis, a value of aPWV above 12.8 m/s was identified to correlate with the presence of CAD in the AAA patient population. After adjustment for confounders, including hypertension which is one of the major risk factors for abdominal aneurysms, multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that this aPWV cutoff remained independently associated with presence of CAD [odds ratio = 1.64, 95% confidence interval =1.19‐4.08, P = .03]. The coexistence of CAD and AAA is characterized by a greater arterial stiffness. This finding should be taken into consideration when selecting endovascular stents with more favorable elastic properties. Moreover, AAA patients with high aPWV (>12.8 m/s) are more likely to also have CAD, and this may be considered by vascular surgeons when evaluating patients' cardiovascular risk.

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Effects of varenicline and nicotine replacement therapy on arterial elasticity, endothelial glycocalyx and oxidative stress during a 3-month smoking cessation program

Cited by 53 publications

References 33 publications

Pulse wave velocity to global longitudinal strain ratio in hypertension

Pulse wave velocity to global longitudinal strain ratio in hypertension

HDL cholesterol levels and endothelial glycocalyx integrity in treated hypertensive patients

Association of impaired arterial wall properties with the presence of coronary artery disease in patients with abdominal aortic aneurysms

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