Electron-Nuclear Coupling through Autoionizing States after Strong-Field Excitation of 
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 Molecules

Mi, Yonghao; Camus, Nicolas; Fechner, Lutz; Laux, Martin; Moshammer, R.; Pfeifer, Thomas

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.118.183201

Cited by 17 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Despite a brief interaction with the core, they can still be used to probe the target. Enhancements in the fan were related to electron-nuclear coupling in H 2 [20], while the spider has been shown to be sensitive to molecular orientation [21] and the dynamics of nodal planes [22]. Still, the above-stated effects either relate to the structureless Coulomb tail or to phase differences obtained prior to ionization in the target's initial bound states.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiral-like holographic structures: Unwinding interference carpets of Coulomb-distorted orbits in strong-field ionization

et al. 2020

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We unambiguously identify, in experiment and theory, an overlooked holographic interference pattern in strong-field ionization, dubbed "the spiral," stemming from two trajectories where the potential and laser field are equally critical. Because of the strong interaction with the core of the two trajectories, the spiral could be employed as an optimal tool for probing the target after ionization and for revealing obfuscated phases in the bound states. We find that the spiral is responsible for interference carpets, formerly ascribed to direct trajectories, and that the carpet-interference condition is derived from the field symmetry. This case of mistaken identity may have prevented the spiral from being used as a holographic tool.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiral-like holographic structures: Unwinding interference carpets of Coulomb-distorted orbits in strong-field ionization

et al. 2020

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“…These include diatomic [12,13] molecular species such as H 2 [14][15][16][17][18][19], I 2 [20][21][22][23], and Cl 2 [24], tri- [17,25,26] and polyatomic molecules [27,28]. It has also been used as a means to highlight electron nuclear coupling of degrees of freedom in photoelectron holography [29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum bridges in phase space: interference and nonclassicality in strong-field enhanced ionisation

2019

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We perform a phase-space analysis of strong-field enhanced ionisation in molecules, with emphasis on quantum-interference effects. Using Wigner quasi-probability distributions and the quantum Liouville equation, we show that the momentum gates reported in a previous publication (Takemoto and Becker 2011 Phys. Rev. A 84 023401) may occur for static driving fields, and even for no external field at all. Their primary cause is an interference-induced bridging mechanism that occurs if both wells in the molecule are populated. In the phase-space regions for which quantum bridges occur, the Wigner functions perform a clockwise rotation whose period is intrinsic to the molecule. This evolution is essentially non-classical and non-adiabatic, as it does not follow equienergy curves or field gradients. Quasi-probability transfer via quantum bridges is favoured if the electron's initial state is either spatially delocalised, or situated at the upfield molecular well. Enhanced ionisation results from the interplay of this cyclic motion, adiabatic tunnel ionisation and population trapping. Optimal conditions require minimising population trapping and using the bridging mechanism to feed into ionisation pathways along the field gradient.

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“…The superposition of gerade and ungerade contributions then results in an asymmetric photoelectron angular distribution or, in other words, this asymmetric electron emission pattern stems from a localization of the remaining bound electron at a particular nuclear fragment. There have been several experiments in recent years utilizing a strong laser field to induce symmetry breakdown in the dissociation of H 2 molecules [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symmetry breaking in the body-fixed electron emission pattern due to electron-retroaction in the photodissociation of H2+ and D2+ close to threshold

Heck

Gatton

Larsen

et al. 2019

Phys. Rev. Research

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We present an experimental investigation of symmetry breaking of H 2 and D 2 molecules after single photoionization due to the Coulomb field of the emitted slow electron interacting with the parent cation during dissociation. The experiments were carried out by measuring the three-dimensional momentum vectors of the photoelectron and recoiling ion in coincidence using a reaction microscope. For photon energies close to threshold, the low-energy photoelectron influences the dissociation process, which results in an asymmetric molecular frame photoelectron angular distribution. This can be explained by the retroaction of the Coulomb field of the photoelectron on its parent ion and has been recently experimentally demonstrated by M. Waitz et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 043001 (2016)], confirming theoretical predictions by V. V. Serov and A. S. Kheifets [Phys. Rev. A 89, 031402(R) (2014)]. High-momentum resolution and a new series of photon energies just above the dissociation threshold enable the observation of a strong influence of the electron energy and nuclear kinetic energy on the electron localization process for energies below ∼100 meV, which so far has neither been observed nor discussed by theory. Exploring the limitations of the retroaction mechanism at our lowest photon energy, we are able to single out a sensitive testbed and present data of non-Born-Oppenheimer dynamics of the simplest molecular system for future benchmark computational treatments.

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Electron-Nuclear Coupling through Autoionizing States after Strong-Field Excitation of H2 Molecules

Cited by 17 publications

References 39 publications

Spiral-like holographic structures: Unwinding interference carpets of Coulomb-distorted orbits in strong-field ionization

Spiral-like holographic structures: Unwinding interference carpets of Coulomb-distorted orbits in strong-field ionization

Quantum bridges in phase space: interference and nonclassicality in strong-field enhanced ionisation

Symmetry breaking in the body-fixed electron emission pattern due to electron-retroaction in the photodissociation of H2+ and D2+ close to threshold

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