Significance of perineural invasion in locally advanced bucco alveolar complex carcinomas treated with surgery and postoperative radiation ± concurrent chemotherapy

Abstract

Compared with patients with PNI-negative disease, patients with PNI-positive disease had much worse outcome despite aggressive adjuvant treatment. It warrants escalation of therapy and modification in radiation portals to cover neural pathways in patients with PNI-positive disease.

Parvalbumin Regulates GAD Expression through Calcium Ion Concentration to Affect the Balance of Glu-GABA and Improve KA-Induced Status Epilepticus in PV-Cre Transgenic Mice

“…Thirty minutes after SE onset, the tissue content of GABA in all groups was lower than that in the sham group, but the tissue content of GABA in the PV group was significantly higher than that in the sh-PV group. The aforementioned findings indicate an elevation in the tissue content of Glu across all groups during the onset of SE, which is consistent with previous reports that demonstrated a 6-fold increase in Glu tissue content in the hippocampus of patients with epilepsy compared with the control group …”

“…We found that at SE onset, the levels of PV, GAD65, and GAD67 were increased in the PV group, which was considered to be related to the presence of GluN1 and GluN2B receptors in PV neurons. 40 It has been reported that the level of Glu in the hippocampus of patients with epilepsy is six times higher than that in normal controls 41 and that the level of Glu in brain tissue increases significantly during the acute phase of epilepsy. 42 In the current study, PV levels in the sh-PV group exhibited no significant variance compared with that in the normal group.…”

“…The aforementioned findings indicate an elevation in the tissue content of Glu across all groups during the onset of SE, which is consistent with previous reports that demonstrated a 6-fold increase in Glu tissue content in the hippocampus of patients with epilepsy compared with the control group. 41 Glu exerts its excitatory neuronal effects primarily via action on two types of receptors: ionotropic glutamate receptors (iGluRs) and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs), which influence ion channels. Glu is converted into GABA by glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD), which is subsequently released through vesicles.…”

Perineural invasion/lymphovascular invasion double positive predicts distant metastasis and poor survival in T3–4 oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…The value or significance of pathologic features has not been specifically focused on T3–4 OSCC in previously reported series 6 – 10 , 20 , 22 , 23 . Anand et al reported that PNI was an independent adverse risk factor associated with poor locoregional control and survival in stage III-IV bucco-alveolar complex cancers 27 . Jardim et al also reported PNI to be an independent predictor for overall survival and disease-free survival in clinical stage III-IV oral tongue and floor of mouth cancers 28 .…”

Adding Concomitant Chemotherapy to Postoperative Radiotherapy in Oral Cavity Carcinoma with Minor Risk Factors: Systematic Review of the Literature and Meta-Analysis

“…Only studies including oncological outcomes (overall survival, disease-free survival, and local recurrence-free survival) for patients affected by oral cavity carcinoma (OCC) treated with post-operative chemoradiotherapy who showed the presence of minor risk factors were analyzed. Criteria for exclusion are reported in the Supplementary Materials Table S2 [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 ,…”