Ethnic Variations in Liver- and Alcohol-Related Disease Hospitalisations and Mortality: The Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Study

Bhala, Neeraj; Cézard, Geneviève; Ward, Hester J.T.; Bansal, Narinder; Bhopal, Raj

doi:10.1093/alcalc/agx004

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…However, epidemiological studies using populations of diverse backgrounds often present controversial results indicating that moderate drinkers might be healthy, but ex-drinkers and nondrinkers might be ill (12,13). Bhala et al reported ethnic variations in liver-and alcoholrelated disease hospitalisations and mortality (14). Some studies (10,11) supported the idea that moderate alcohol intake reduces the risk of dementia, but they pointed out the heterogeneity of methodology and backgrounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate-dose Regular Lifelong Alcohol Intake Changes the Intestinal Flora, Protects against Aging, and Keeps Spatial Memory in the Senescence-accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Model

et al. 2016

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-Purpose: Heavy and long-term alcohol consumption increase the risk of alcohol-related diseases. Epidemiological studies show moderate drinking reduces the risk of mortality, cardiovascular diseases, and brain infarction in the J-shaped or U-shaped curve effect. However, why moderate drinkers may be healthy and non-drinkers may be ill in diverse populations remains controversial. Herein, we examined the relationship between moderate/lifelong alcohol intake and aging, especially aging-related cognitive functions in senescenceaccelerated mouse prone 8 (SAMP8) model. Methods: SAMP8 model (5-week-old, male, n = 36), a model of age-related cognitive deficit, were group-housed (n = 6/cage) and provided free access to water (water group, n = 18) or 1% ethanol (EtOH group, n = 18, intake started when mice were 9 weeks old). The object recognition test (ORT) and object location test (OLT) were used to evaluate cognitive functions. The intestinal flora at the age of 87 weeks was analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Results: The lifespan of the EtOH-group mice was about 4 weeks longer than that of the water-group mice. In the EtOH group, spatial recognition impairment, assessed by OLT, was observed later (age, 73 weeks) than that in the water group (age, 52 weeks). The spinal curvature and skin conditions progressed significantly slower in the EtOH group than in the water group. Moreover, diarrhea symptoms only appeared in the water group, at the age of 82 weeks. The T-RFLP analysis of the intestinal flora indicated higher Lactobacillales order and lower Clostridium cluster XI in the EtOH group than in the water group, although those were extremely high in some mice close to death in both groups. Water-group mice with diarrhea presented significantly higher Clostridium cluster XI than did those without diarrhea (P = 0.017). Conclusion: Moderate alcohol intake changes intestinal flora and positively affects aging of SAMP8 model.This article is open to POST-PUBLICATION REVIEW. Registered readers (see "For Readers") may comment by clicking on ABSTRACT on the issue's contents page.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Moderate-dose Regular Lifelong Alcohol Intake Changes the Intestinal Flora, Protects against Aging, and Keeps Spatial Memory in the Senescence-accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Model

et al. 2016

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“…It is also known that some groups (e.g. Sikh men) are at greater risk of alcohol harm 19 than the White population (Hurcombe et al 2010)findings confirmed by the SHELS research reported earlier (Bhala et al 2016).…”

Section: Maternal Child Health and Behavioural Factorsmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…However, in some cases controlling for SEP did have important effects. For example, adjustment increased, and made significant, the higher risk of: stroke among African men (Bhopal et al 2012b); heart failure among Indian men (Bhopal et al 2012d); and alcoholic liver disease among Indian men (Bhala et al 2016).…”

Section: Understanding the Associations Between Socioeconomic Positiomentioning

confidence: 99%

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Increasingly Diverse: the Changing Ethnic Profiles of Scotland and Glasgow and the Implications for Population Health

Walsh

Buchanan

Douglas

et al. 2018

Appl. Spatial Analysis

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Scotland's population has become increasingly ethnically diverse. The aim of this study was to better understand future changes to the ethnic profile of the population and the implications for population health. The literature regarding ethnicity and health, particularly in the Scottish context, was reviewed alongside analyses of past trends and new future projections (2011-2031) of the size of the non-White ethnic minority population in Scotland and Glasgow (Scotland's largest and most ethnically diverse city). The literature emphasises that the relationships between ethnicity, socioeconomic position (SEP) and health are extremely complex. In Scotland this complexity is arguably enhanced, given the different, less disadvantaged, SEP profile of many ethnic minority groups compared with those in other countries. Although indicators of overall health status have been shown to be better among many non-White ethnic minority groups compared with the White Scottish population, such analyses mask varying risks of particular diseases among different groups. This complexity extends to understanding the underlying causes of these differences, including the 'healthy migrant' effect, 'acculturation', and the impact of different types and measures of SEP. The proportion of the population belonging to a non-White ethnic group increased four-fold in both Scotland and Glasgow between 1991 and 2011. New projections suggest that by 2031, around 20% of Glasgow's total population (and 25% of children) will belong to a non-White minority group. Given this, there is a clear need for policy-makers and serviceplanners to seek to understand the implications of these changes to the Scottish population.

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“…While Indians had a 75% higher risk for men, White British and Pakistani men had a relatively lower risk of ALD. A 2-fold higher risk for ARD was noted for White Irish men and any mixed background women, lower risk was noted for Pakistani and Chinese men and women (74). ARD included diseases attributed to alcohol: liver disease, chronic pancreatitis, poisoning, mental and behavioural disorders, nervous system disorders, cardiomyopathy, and gastritis.…”

Section: Ethnicitymentioning

confidence: 99%

An update on the genetics of alcoholic liver disease

Vishnubhotla¹,

Kulkarni²,

Sharma³

et al. 2022

Front. Gastroenterol.

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Worldwide, an estimated 2 billion individuals consume alcohol, which contributes to short-term or long-term consequences on health and social life. Alcohol is the cause of approximately 1.8 million deaths per year, representing 3.2% of all deaths worldwide. Of the 2 billion individuals who consume alcohol, more than 75 million are diagnosed with alcohol-use disorder (AUD) and are at an enhanced risk of developing alcoholic liver disease (ALD). However, not all individuals who consume alcohol develop liver disease suggesting the intricate interactions of host genetics with the environment in the precipitation of the phenotype. With advances in genomic technologies, it is now possible to sequence clinically relevant genomic loci associated with a phenotype with precision and faster turnaround times. Genomic data in the form of variants may be used to predict susceptibility to a phenotype in an unaffected individual or may assist the clinician in predicting the outcomes after the onset of the disease. Both of these are crucial as the former would aid in reducing the future burden of the disease, and the latter would help identify and treat individuals at risk of severe liver disease. In the current review, we summarize the pathogenic mechanisms of ALD and discuss the variants identified to date that may aid in predicting alcohol dependence and the development of cirrhosis in individuals with AUD.

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Ethnic Variations in Liver- and Alcohol-Related Disease Hospitalisations and Mortality: The Scottish Health and Ethnicity Linkage Study

Cited by 4 publications

References 0 publications

Moderate-dose Regular Lifelong Alcohol Intake Changes the Intestinal Flora, Protects against Aging, and Keeps Spatial Memory in the Senescence-accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Model

Moderate-dose Regular Lifelong Alcohol Intake Changes the Intestinal Flora, Protects against Aging, and Keeps Spatial Memory in the Senescence-accelerated Mouse Prone 8 (SAMP8) Model

Increasingly Diverse: the Changing Ethnic Profiles of Scotland and Glasgow and the Implications for Population Health

An update on the genetics of alcoholic liver disease

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